Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

my revision > Humans as organisms > Flashcards

Humans as organisms Flashcards

(79 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is energy?

A

Energy is the ability to make something happen when that energy is transferred.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is respiration?

A

Respiration is the process in which living things use oxygen to release the energy in food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is glucose?

A

Glucose is a simple sugar molecule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

A

Aerobic respiration is respiration that involves oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a reactant?

A

A reactant is the starting substance in a chemical reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis is the process by which energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water are used by green plants to produce glucose and oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a product?

A

A product is a substance formed from a chemical reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does germinating mean?

A

Germinating means beginning to grow into a plant from a seed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are mitochondria?

A

Mitochondria are the structures in a cell that produce energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a membrane?

A

A membrane is the layer around the cell that controls substances entering and leaving the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Enzymes are substances that enable a chemical process in a living organism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the digestive system?

A

The digestive system is a group of organs that together enable the digestion of food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the breathing system?

A

The breathing system takes oxygen into the body and passes carbon dioxide out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the circulatory system?

A

The circulatory system is the heart and blood vessels that transport essential substances around the body in blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is phloem?

A

Phloem is a tissue made up of long tubes that transport glucose made in leaves of a plant to other parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are stomata?

A

Stomata are tiny pores on the underneath surface of a leaf through which gases can move in and out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

Anaerobic respiration is respiration without using oxygen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is lactic acid?

A

Lactic acid is a substance produced in anaerobic respiration which builds during vigorous exercise and causes an aching or burning feeling in the muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is oxygen debt?

A

Oxygen debt is the oxygen needed to break down lactic acid produced as a result of vigorous exercise.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is glycogen?

A

Glycogen is a storage molecule formed from a chain of glucose units and often stored in the liver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is fermentation?

A

Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration that produces ethanol and carbon dioxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a microbe?

A

A microbe is a tiny organism like bacteria, fungi, and viruses that can only be seen by a microscope.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is yeast?

A

Yeast is a unicellular (single-celled) fungus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is brewing?

A

Brewing is the process where cereal grains are soaked in water and fermented with yeast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is a fossil fuel?
Fossil fuel is coal, natural gas, and oil that were formed from the compressed remains of plants and other organisms that died millions of years ago.
26
What is an independent variable?
An independent variable is a variable in an experiment that affects the outcome and is changed.
27
What is a dependent variable?
A dependent variable is the variable that is measured in an investigation.
28
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction.
29
What is a food group?
The category of food needed for certain body processes e.g. protein
30
What is a nutrient?
A source of nourishment e.g. protein
31
What is a balanced diet?
The intake of food that provides the correct nutrients in the correct proportions
32
What is starch?
A large molecule made by plants as a form of food storage
33
What is sugar?
A sweet tasting compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen – such as glucose or sucrose
34
What is protein?
A food group important for growth and tissue repair
35
What is fat?
A body tissue that acts as an energy store; a food group
36
What is risk?
The likelihood of a hazard causing harm
37
What is energy?
Having the ability to do work
38
What is respiration?
The process of living things in which oxygen is used to release the energy in food
39
What is a kilojoule (kJ)?
A unit of energy equivalent to 1000 joules
40
What is digestion?
The breakdown of food in order to obtain energy
41
What is the digestive system?
A group of organs that together enable the digestion of food
42
What is chemical energy?
The energy stored in bonds between atoms which becomes available when atoms are rearranged in a chemical reaction
43
What is the circulatory system?
The heart and blood vessels that transport essential substances around the body in blood
44
What is physical digestion?
The mechanical breakdown of food in the mouth
45
What is saliva?
A liquid produced in the mouth that helps swallowing and digestion
46
What is an enzyme?
A substance that enables a chemical process in a living organism
47
What is chemical digestion?
The breakdown of food by enzymes in the digestion system
48
What is amylase?
An enzyme that digests starch
49
What is a catalyst?
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
50
What is the gut?
The digestive tract or alimentary canal
51
What is bacterial flora?
All the bacteria in or on the surface of an organism
52
What is a probiotic?
Contains helpful bacteria
53
What is an antibiotic?
A drug that kills bacteria
54
What is bone?
Bone is made of hard minerals like calcium on the outside and marrow inside surrounded by a spongy layer.
55
What is a skeleton?
The skeleton is all the bones of the body.
56
What is calcium?
Calcium is a hard mineral found in bone.
57
What is marrow?
Marrow is a soft substance in the middle of bone which makes blood cells.
58
What does support mean in relation to the skeleton?
Support refers to when the skeleton is attached to muscles so that movement is possible.
59
What does protect mean in relation to the skeleton?
Protect refers to when the skeleton protects the internal organs from injury.
60
What are blood cells?
Blood cells include white and red types found in the blood together with plasma and platelets.
61
What is a joint?
A joint is the point where two bones meet which allows movement.
62
What is cartilage?
Cartilage is firm rubbery tissue that can cushion bones at joints.
63
What is a ligament?
A ligament is made of stretchy collagen fibres which link bone to bone.
64
What is a muscle?
A muscle is a tissue made up of many fibres that have the ability to contract.
65
What is a tendon?
A tendon consists of non-elastic collagen fibres attaching muscle to bone.
66
What does contracted mean?
Contracted means when a muscle has become shorter and fatter.
67
What does relaxed mean?
Relaxed means when a muscle has become longer and thinner.
68
What is force?
Force is a push, pull or turning effect.
69
What is a newton (N)?
A newton (N) is a unit of force.
70
What is electromyography (EMG)?
Electromyography (EMG) is a medical test to check that muscles are working.
71
What is an anabolic steroid?
An anabolic steroid is a drug that increases muscle mass.
72
What are antagonistic muscles?
Antagonistic muscles are pairs of muscles that act against each other.
73
What is a bicep?
A bicep is a muscle in the upper arm which contracts to raise the arm.
74
What is a tricep?
A tricep is a muscle in the upper arm which contracts to straighten the arm.
75
What is a quadricep?
A quadricep is a muscle in the thigh.
76
What is the skeletal system?
The skeletal system includes the skeleton, ligaments, skeletal muscle and tendons.
77
What is a fracture?
A fracture is a broken bone.
78
What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a disease where the density of bone falls leaving them fragile and prone to fracture.
79
What is arthritis?
Arthritis is a painful disease of the joints.

my revision (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions