Maternal reco of pregnancy
Please indicate, what of the below statements related to the maternal recognition of pregnancy is incorrect.
A) Some hours after hatching from the zone pellucida the equine embryo starts an intensive longitudinal growth. (elongation)
B) Some hours after hatching from the zona pellucida the ruminant and porcine embryos start an intensive longitudinal growth (elongation)
C) In ruminants the embryonic signal of maternal recognition of pregnancy is a protein belonging to the interferon family (interferon-1)
D) In pig the embryonic signal in maternal recognition of pregnancy is estrogen-based.
E) In mares the embryonic signal of maternal recognition of pregnancy is a protein, however its effect is combined/completed also with some estrogens of embryonic origin.
A) Some hours after hatching from the zone pellucida the equine embryo starts an intensive longitudinal growth. (elongation)
Bovine interferon tau
Sow estradiol
Mare conceptus and protein
Dog no recognition
Puberty means
When the animal has mature sexual organs and starts cycling
The physiologic events leading to puberty are analogous to those regulating the onset of the breeding season.
Species not polyestrus
Dog
Which stage at the embryo develop
?
Dog maternal recognition is based on production of
NO signal
Estrus fertilization of the cattle
Last third of heat
When does the embryo arrive into the Villus
Morula arrives into uterus
Cow 4 - 7 days
Ewe 3 - 4 days
Mare (3) 4 - 5 days
Blastocyst
Cow 7 - 12 days
Ewe 4 - 10 days
Mare 6 -8 days
Hatching
Cow 9 - 11 days
Ewe 7 -8 days
Mare 7 - 8 days
How long is the fetus life embryo into the bitch
58-68 days
Breeding range of the breeding Heifers
14-16 months
Time of ovulation of the cattle
From onset of estrus to ovulation: 24 - 32 hours
From LH surge to ovulation: 28 hours
12-18 hrs after the end of clinical estrus signs
Time of attachment in cattle
18-22 days
Structure of the bovine placenta
According to the microscopic appearance, what kind of placenta has the cow?
Epitheliochorialis
Caruncles, convex
Cotyledonary
Placenta syndesmochorialis / epitheliochorialis
Hormone at the final stage of pregnancy for dairy heifers
Maintenance pregnancy: P4
Initiation of parturition: fetal ACTH and cortisol
How many stages does the parturition have in the cow?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
b) 3
One of the below statements concerning the induction of parturition in the cow is incorrect. Parturition can be induced with:
a) Relaxin
b) Corticosteroids
c) PGF2α and analogues
d) PGF2α and corticosteroid
a) Relaxin
What stage all the cattle of the parturition of the membrane expelled
It should be all expelled by 24hrs after this it is retained foetal membrane (3rd stage)
How many days the cow can expelled the fetal membrane
24h
What characterizes uterine contractility of normo-calemic cows with retinal foetal membranes as related to healthy controls within 2 days post-partum?
a) Weaker
b) Same magnitude
c) Stronger
d) Total inactivity
a) Weaker
How does a PGF2α treatment with therapeutical dose at the day after
parturition act on the uterine contractility?
a. Enhances
b. Inhibits
c. Does not act on it
d. Enhances on the frequency of contractions but does not influence their
c. Does not act on it
What is the time first follicular growth
After Post partum? Or link to puberty?
If link to the puberty → 1st follicular growth at the puberty
First growth after cavling: 10-20 days
When does the oestrus cycle reinitiate after parturition in dairy cows? 10-45 days 60-70 days 50-60 days 70-80 days
10-45 days
In postpartum (non-suckling) dairy cows the first ovulation may interrelate with: A) the nadir of energetic imbalance B) the body condition at calving C) the body condition loss after calving D) beta-carotene – vitamin A deficiency
D) beta-carotene – vitamin A deficiency
What is the main hormonal factor of delayed resumption of cyclic ovarian activity caused by energy deficit?
a. Due to oestrogen insensitivity of the hypothalamus there are onyltnic GnRH releases.
b. Follicular growth and ovulation is blocked by persisting high level of P4.
c. There is cyclic follicular growth but without clinical symptoms.
d. Presence of calves causes lactational anoestrous.
a. Due to oestrogen insensitivity of the hypothalamus there are onyltnic GnRH releases.
How can the post-partial negative energy balance be prevented or decreased?
a) With maximal energy intake during the dry period.
b) By restricted feeding during the dry period, followed by ad libitum feeding with maximal energy content during lactation.
c) Maximal energy intake during the dry period and restricted feeding after calving.
d) Feeding only with energy-rich concentrate after calving.
b) By restricted feeding during the dry period, followed by ad libitum feeding with maximal energy content during lactation.
How can you determine a internal uterine factor
Rectal palpation
Methycellulose function
What is methylcellulose?
A) a preparation often used to administer during paravertebral anaesthesia
B) a main component of the allantioc fluid
C) the main component of modern lubricants
D) a sedative
C) the main component of modern lubricants
Which one is not part of the abnormal forelimb postures?
Head-breast posture
When should allowed force extraction not be used?
a) Relatively large foetus
b) Live foetus
c) Dead foetus
d) Dorso-vertical presentation
d) Dorso-vertical presentation
What can be used to fix lateral head deviation?
a) Saake snare
b) Gagny loop
c) ostertag eyehook
d) Manually by hand only
b) Gagny loop
Choose the only one incorrect statement during the Götze-method of total fetotomy
a. We cut the forelegs in the carpal joint
b. We cut the head and neck
c. We use a diagonal back running cut for the thorax
d. We eviscerate
c.We use a diagonal back running cut for the thorax
What is the rectal palpation finding on the Grafian/Antral follicle of cattle
fluctuating
25-28cm long pencil like end
oviduct
Which statement is true in cattle
The cow says moo(hahahaha seriously?)
Where can you find the ovaries in bovine
It is changing spaces, because lig. Ovari is long.
How is the uterus tone changing after giving birth
It contracts to allow expulsion of placenta and avoid any haemorrhages
