HVII Foreign Policy Flashcards
(66 cards)
What were the three main aims of foreign policy?
• National Security
• Recognition of the Tudor Dynasty
• Defence of English trading interests
What were HVII’s plans for relations with Europe?
• To maintain good relations and defence
• Had no intention of restarting the Hundred Hears War
What were HVII’s priorities in the first years of his reign?
- Gain acceptance of his right to rule from other monarchs
- Limit foreign support for other claimants to the throne
What is a fiefdom?
An area owned by a lord
Who owned and ruled over the fiefdom of Brittany?
Duke Francis II
What happened to Brittany after the Duke died?
France were eager to claim it, and strip it of its independence
Who was the heir to own Brittany and why could they not rule over it?
- Duchess Anne
- Because she was a woman
What were the french eager to do after the death of Francis II?
Take over Brittany and strip it of its independence. They wanted to take duchies like Brittany and Burgundy more directly under French control
Why was Henry worried by the French invasion of Brittany in 1487?
- He felt he had an obligation to the Bretons as he was in exile there
- He feared that french control of Brittany would increase a potential threat to England.
What did he do in retaliation to the French invasion of Brittany?
He called parliament in 1489 to gain extraordinary revenue to raise an army against the french
What did the Treaty of Redon entail?
- Duchess Anne would pay for a small English Army to defend Brittany
What treaty was signed in 1589 between England and Brittany?
The Treaty of Radon
Why did Henry want an alliance with Maximilian in 1489?
He would officially become emperor in 1493 and had contracted a marriage-by-proxy with Duchess Anne, and wouldn’t want Brittany to fall into French hands
What led to the English Army becoming stranded in Brittany?
Duchess Anne had reluctantly married Charles VIII (King of France 1483-1498) out of fear that the resistance against France was pointless
Why was Henry’s invasion of France in 1492 after the Breton Crisis tactical?
He knew that Charles VIII was more interested in invading Italy and would quickly seek a peace settlement with Henry if he invaded. Resulting in the Treaty of Etaples
When was the Treaty of Etaples Signed?
November 1492
What did the Treaty of Etaples consist of?
France agreed to withdraw support for Perkin Warbeck and to pay a pension to Henry to compensate for the expense of the Army he recruited for invasion
How effective were Henry VII’s foreign relations with France?
Very successful:
- He defended national and dynastic interests
- He improved his financial position
- Ensured cordial Anglo-French relations
Why were The Netherlands important to England?
Most English exports went through the ports of Antwerp and Bruges, they were under the jurisdiction of Burgundy
Why were relations made worse with Burgundy?
Margaret of Burgundy was a leading upholder of the Yorkist cause. She was the sister of Edward IV and Richard III, she was also mother-in-law to Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian
Who did Maximilian and Philip of the Holy Roman Empire give their support to which threatened Henry?
Perkin Warbeck
How did Henry try to solve the problem of Perkin Warbeck being taken in by the Holy Roman Empire?
He put an embargo on English trade with Burgundy
Why did the embargo then become a problem for Henry’s foreign policy?
It put two of his objectives in conflict with each other:
- Securing the dynasty
- Encouraging trade
How was the trade embargo brought to an end?
Through the Intercursus magnus signed in 1496
