Hx Flashcards by Heather Borden

recurrent ab

Old age
Genetics
Uterine abnormalities (Fibroids, Synechia)
Endocrine (Hypothy, HyperPRL, DM, PCOS)
Thrombophilia (Antiphospholipid AB, Factor V)

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alopecia

FOCAL: Tinea capitis (+KOH), Alopecia areata, Androgenic alopecia (male-pattern, PCOS, Rxs like steroids/progesterone)
GENERALIZED: Chemo/Rad/Heavy metals, Telogen effluvium d/t Rxs/stress/thyroid/nutrition
IRREG: Traction alopecia, Trichotillomania, Syphilis

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primary amenorrhea

Absent uterus: Mullerian agenesis
Scarred uterus: TB
FSH/TSH WNL, DEC GnRH or INC PRL: Brain tumor/injury, Pituitary adenoma, Empty sella
Thyroid dysfxn
INC FSH, TSH WNL: PCOS, Turner, 46XY

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secondary amenorrhea

+hCG: Preg, Ectopic preg

-hCG: Stress/overexercise/wt loss, PCOS, Pituitary adenoma, Hypothyroidism, Rxs like OCPs/antipsych/metoclopramide

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anorexia

Psych: ED, Depression, Body dysmorphia
GI: PUD, Crohn’s/UC, Celiac, Malabsorption, Gallstones, Parasites, Chronic pancreatitis
Endocrine: Hyperthy, Addison, Hypopituitarism
CA
HIV
Amphetamines

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anxiety

GAD/Panic disorder/Agoraphobia/Specific or social phobia
Withdrawal
Rxs like antichol/coke/amphetamines/caffeine/hallucinogens
ABNORMAL LABS: Anemia, Hyperthy, Cushing, Hypogly, HypoNa+, HypoCa2+
LABS WNL: Arrhythmia, Asthma, CTE, Partial complex seizure

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cardiomegaly

Infection
Myocarditis (Neuromusc, Sarcoidosis, Amyloidosis, SLE, Thyrotoxicosis, Hemochromatosis, Fe2+ overload)
INC MUSCLE: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HTN, Athlete, Aortic stenosis
DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY: Ischemia s/p infarct, Autoimmune, Rxs like EtOH/coke/ZDV/doxorubicin/trastuzumab, IHSS(HOCM), Restrictive, rare Arrhythmogenic R ventr cardiomyopathy

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carpal tunnel

Overuse/OA
DM
Hypothy
Preg
Acromegaly
RA/SLE

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cataracts

Trauma
Congenital d/t maternal DM, fetal galactosemia, TORCH infec, Rx, familial
DM
Corticosteroids
Age
Myotonic dystrophy

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recurrent chills

IF DRUG USER: HIV, Endocarditis, Opioid withdrawal
NAH: Pneumonia/Lung abscess/Hypersens pneumonitis, Endocarditis, TB, Brucellosis, Yellow fever, Malaria, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

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cirrhosis

EtOH HEP OR Rx! (MTX/amiodarone/INH/valproic acid)
Hep B/C
Hemochromatosis
Autoimmune hep
1o biliary cirrhosis
a1AT-def
Nonalc steatohep
1o sclerosing cholangitis (if UC Hx)

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CHF

MI
ABNORMAL VALVES: Aortic stenosis/insufficiency, Mitral regurg
NORMAL VALVES: Ischemic cardiomyopathy, 2o cardiomyopathy d/t infec or Rx or HTN, DEC EF d/t AFib

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cough

ACEis
COPD
CHF
Pneumothorax
c WT LOSS: TB, Mediastinal mass
s WT LOSS: GERD, Sarcoid, s/p viral infec, Postnasal drip/allergies

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Cushing

Long-term corticosteroid use!
Pituitary adenoma
Adrenal tumor/hyperplasia, Carcinoid tumor, Oat-Cell lung CA
PNP syndrome

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delayed puberty

GET FSH/LH, THEN:
WNL or LOW: Anorexia/malnutrition, DM, Chronic infec, Pituitary adenoma, Hypothy
INC FSH/LH c DEC ESTRADIOL: Turner, Chemo/rad
INC FSH/LH c DEC TESTOSTERONE: Klinefelter, Anorchism, Chemo/rad

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dementia

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ABNORMAL LABS: Thyroid disorder, Syphilis, B12/Folate-def, Electrolyte imbalance, Uremia, Infec
WNL: Rxs, CHECK CT/MRI:
WNL: Alz, Parkinson, Lewy body, Chronic EtOH
ABNORMAL: Normal-pressure hydrocephalus, Multi-infarct dementia, Pick/frontotemporal dementia

depression

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ABNORMAL LABS: Thyroid disorder, Hyperparathy, Addison, Cushing, Chronic renal disease
ABNORMAL NEURO: CTE, Parkinson, Dementia, Tumor, MS
Rxs like EtOH/amphetamines/narcotics/BZDs/steroids
Recent MI, CABG, CA
Postpartum

chronic diarrhea

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C.Diff
Chronic laxative abuse
Sorbitol/fructose abuse
Parasitic infec
Bacterial infec
Colitis
CA
DM
Hyperthy

dwarfism

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s EXTREMITIES SHORT RELATIVE TO TRUNK: Turner, Down, Hypothy, Pituitary disorder, Idiopathic GH-def
c EXTREMITIES SHORT RELATIVE TO TRUNK: Achondroplasia, Diastrophic dysplasia, Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia

dyspareunia

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Functional
Cystitis
IBD
Diverticulitis
Ovarian CA/cyst
SUPERFICIAL: Inadequate lube, Vulvodynia/atrophy/dermatitis, Vaginitis/ismus, Urethritis
DEEP: Vaginal dryness/atrophy, Endometriosis, PID, Retroverted uterus, Endometrial/cervical carcinoma, Adenomyosis

dyspepsia

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PUD
Esoph/gastric carcinoma
Rxs like NSAIDs/alendronate/metronidazole/erythromycin
GERD
Biliary disease
Functional dyspepsia

dysuria

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+NITRITE: Acute bacterial cystitis

-NITRITE: Herpes, STD, Interstital cystitis for female, Reiter for male

enuresis

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Functional
1o
Hypothy
Structural defect
Congenital spinal column defect

esophageal regurg/dysphagia

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+REGURG/CHOKING/COUGH: Rx, Rad, Candida, Cleft palate, Sjogren, Dermatomyositis, Scleroderma, Sarcoidosis, MS, ALS, Zenker diverticulum
FOOD “STUCK”: Spasm, Achalasia, Carcinoma, Stricture, Foreign body

failure to thrive

``` Neglect/abuse/poor feeding technique Thyroid disease Anemia TB/HIV UTI CF Malabsorption syndrome Chronic systemic disease ```

fatigue

Rxs like opioids/antidep/hypnotics/muscle relaxants PSYCH: Substance abuse, Personality disorder, Abuse victim, Depression/Anxiety Thyroid disorder Infec/inflam Anemia Carcinoma

genital ulcers

``` HSV Chancroid Behcet Syphilis Granuloma inguinale ```

gigantism

``` Fragile X Marfan Pituitary gigantism McCune-Albright MEN-1 ```

amnesia

``` Concussion Drugs Seizure TIA Migraine ```

chronic HA

``` Tension Migraine Depression/GAD Epidural/subdural hematoma Tumor ```

heel pain

``` Fx/Stress Fx Contusion Plantar fasciitis Osteomyelitis Foreign body Sever disease Calcaneal bursitis Achilles tendinitis ```

hemianopia

``` CVA/TIA Migraine MS Tumor Optic nerve disorder ```

persistent hiccups

``` Concussion/Epidural hematoma/Subarachnoid hemorrhage Hemopneumothorax Ruptured spleen EtOHic gastritis Bromism Salicylate toxicity ARF/CRF Encephalitis/Meningitis Peritonitis/Cholecystitis/Ruptured viscus/Subdiaphragmatic abscess Reflux esophagitis/Gastritis/Hiatal hernia/PUD/Esophageal carcinoma Hodgkin disease/Mets Mediastinitis AAA Idiopathic/Psychogenic ```

Horner syndrome

Congenital Rxs like scopolamine/botox/eye drops TRAUMA: Brachial plexus injury, C-spine injury, Carotid dissection Cluster HA/Migraine Mets/Hodgkin/Bronchogenic carcinoma/Pancoast tumor

hypothermia

``` TRAUMA: Shock, Hemorrhage, Burns, Brain injury/bleeding, Sepsis OD: Barbs/opiates/EtOH/Phenothiazines Coma CVA Hypogly Hypothy Hypopituitarism Adrenal insufficiency Malnutrition (severe)/Dehydration Metabolic/Infec encephalopathy ```

infertility

``` Congenital defects PID/Cervicitis/Endometriosis/Cysts PCOS HyperPRL Hypopituitarism Acromegaly 1o hypogonadism Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism Steroids Short luteal phase ```

chronic insomnia

``` Rxs like theophylline/Bb/steroids/thyroxine/bronchodil EtOH/substance withdrawal Environmental Angina/CHF Psych (Depression/Anxiety/Schizo) Central sleep apnea RLS GERD/PUD COPD/Asthma ```

Hx Flashcards

(37 cards)