Hyperlipidaemia Flashcards
What medicines can cause dyslipidemia
antipsychotics
corticosteroids
immunosuppresants
What can cause palmar xanthoma
remnant hyperlipidaemia
less commonly seen in familial hypercholesterolaemia
What is eruptive xanthoma
due to high triglyceride levels
present as multiple red/yellow vesicles on extensor surfaces
What can cause eruptive xanthoma
familial hypertriglyceridemia
Lipoprotein lipase deficiency
What are causes of tendon xanthoma, tuberous xanthoma and xanthelasma
familial hypercholesterolaemia
remnant hyperlipidaemia
What is xanthelasma
yellowish papules and plaques caused by localised accumulation of lipid deposits seen on eyelid
can also be seen in patients without lipid abnormalities
What are management options for xanthelasma
surgical excision
topical trichloroacetic acid
laser therapy
electrodesiccation
What are investigations for hyperlipidaemia
total cholesterol and HDL
- consider familial hypercholesterolaemia if total cholesterol >7.5 and/or history or premature coronary heart disease
lipid profile
How is management of hyperlipidaemia determined
primary prevention
secondary prevention
When is primary prevention management implemented and what is it
10 year CVD risk >=10% OR
type 1 diabetic OR
CKD if eGFR<60ml/min/m2
ATORVASTATIN 20MG OD
When is secondary prevention management implemented and what is it
known ischaemic heart disease
OR
cerebrovascular disease
OR
peripheral arterial disease
ATORVASTATIN 80MG OD
What lifestyle modifications should be made if a patient has hyperlipidaemia
reduced fat intake
physical activity
weight management
control alcohol intake
stop smoking
