Hyperlipidaemias Flashcards
What would most likely be given to someone with hyperlipidaemia and how does it work?
Statins- atorvastatin
Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase which is normally involved in the production of cholesterol
Upregulation of hepatic LDL receptors, so more lipids cleared by liver
LDL normally take lipids from liver to cells.
How do fenofibrate work?
Increases lipoprotein lipase and decreases TAGS.
What is ezetimibe?
A cholesterol absorption inhibitor, it decreases the absorption of cholesterol in the gut.
Give an example of some new monoclonal antibody therapies and how do they work?
Alirocumab and evolocumab.
They are monoclonal antibodies (antibodies which come from the same cell lineage) they directly degrade LDL.
What is disulfiram?
Used for chronic alcohol dependency, it inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, classical conditioning.
What would you give to someone who has overdosed on paracetamol?
Acetyl cysteine, this replenishes glutathione and hence prevents the harmful build up of NAPQI.
What is the problem with taking statins?
They are normally very well tolerated however can occasionally cause myalgia (diffuse muscle pain) and rarely can cause rhabdomyololysis.
GI discomfort.
Give some important pharmacokinetics to do with statins…
So atorvastatin has a long and life- 30 hours, and is metabolised by CYP3A4.
What shouldn’t you take while taking a statin?
Grapefruit
What can fenofibrate cause?
Can cause gall stones.
