hypersensitivities

Question 1

what type of hypersensitivity is T1DM?

Answer 1

type IV

Question 2

what type of hypersensitivity is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 2

type IV (partly type III)

Question 3

what type of hypersensitivity is systemic lupus erythematosus?

Answer 3

type III

Question 4

what type of hypersensitivity is myasthenia gravis?

Answer 4

type II

Question 5

what type of hypersensitivity is Grave’s disease?

Answer 5

type II

Question 6

what complement is involved in opsonisation?

Answer 6

C3b

Question 7

what complements are involved in recruitment of immune cells?

Answer 7

C3a and C5a

Question 8

what is C5b involved in in the complement system?

Answer 8

formation of membrane attack complex

Question 9

natural killer cells will lyse cells that ______

Answer 9

lack MHC class I

Question 10

which of the following is not an effect of type I hypersensitivity?
a. vasoconstriction
b. contraction of smooth muscle
c. increased secretion
d. cytokine release

Answer 10

a. vasoconstriction

vasodilation –> vasoactive amines and prostaglandins

Question 11

“serum sickness” is which type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 11

type III

Question 12

an extremely adverse reaction to poison ivy “contact sensitivity” is which type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 12

type IV

Question 13

Which of the following is INCORRECT with regard to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

a. Antibody–antigen immune complexes formed can result in vasculitis
b. Antibody–antigen immune complexes are deposited in kidneys, triggering complement–mediated inflammation
c. Most patients with SLE will be positive for anti–dsDNA autoantibodies
d. In SLE, antibodies cause degranulation of mast cells which triggers non–specific inflammation

Answer 13

d. In SLE, antibodies cause degranulation of mast cells which triggers non–specific inflammation

mast cell degranulation –> key driver of type I hypersensitivity

Question 14

In Type I diabetes:

a. Cytotoxic T cells destroy the insulin-producing β cells
b. Autoantibodies lyse β cells via activation of complement
c. Disease is triggered by infection with Strep. pneumoniae
d. Autoantibodies aren’t produced as this is a Type IV hypersensitivity

Answer 14

a. Cytotoxic T cells destroy the insulin-producing β cells

Question 15

Mark recalled having a transfusion reaction resulting in a drop in blood pressure. He developed red-coloured urine. This occurred one hour post transfusion.

Which of the following immune responses most likely occurred?

a. Type I hypersensitivity reaction
b. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
c. Type III hypersensitivity reaction
d. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 15

b. Type II hypersensitivity reaction