Hypertension

Question 1

Amlodipine (PO)

Answer 1

Indication: Hypertension, angina pectoris, spastic angina

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Systolic BP <90mmHG

Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dizziness

Adverse Reactions: Hypotension, bradycardia

Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP before and during therapy, intake/ output ratios daily, monitor for S/S of heart failure

Patient Teachings: take exactly as prescribed, teach patient to monitor pulse, drowsiness may occur so avoid driving, notify HCP if HR <50bpm

Question 2

Furosemide (PO)

Answer 2

Indication: Hypertension, HF, edema, renal disease

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Cross-sensitivity w/ thiazides and sulfonamides

Side Effects: Diarrhea, dehydration

Adverse Reactions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia

Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP/ fluid intake output ratios/ weight with longterm use, Stop if oliguria occurs (small amount of urine)

Patient Teachings: Take exactly as directed, Change position slowly to reduce orthostatic hypotension, Call HCP if gain >3lbs in one day

Question 3

Hydrochlorothiazide (PO)

Answer 3

Indication: Mild to moderate hypertension, HF, renal dysfunction

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Anuria

Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness

Adverse Reactions: Hypotension, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP, fluid input & output, daily weight. Assess for skin rash throughout therapy

Patient Teachings: Take exactly as prescribed, Monitor weight biweekly and report significant changes to HCP, Change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension

Question 4

Lisinopril (PO)

Answer 4

Indication: Hypertension, HF

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, previous angioedema with other ACE inhibitors

Side Effects: Dizziness, Drowsiness

Adverse Reactions: Hypotension, impaired renal function

Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP and pulse periodically throughout therapy, Assess for signs of angioedema throughout therapy

Patient Teachings: Take medication at same time each day, Change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension, Do not take if pregnant

Question 5

Losartan (PO)

Answer 5

Indication: Hypertension

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Bilateral renal artery stenosis

Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness

Adverse Reactions:
Hypotension, Chest pain, angioedema

Nursing Considerations: Assess patient for signs of edema, assess BP and pulse throughout therapy

Patient Teachings: Take exactly as directed, Change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension, May cause drowsiness (avoid driving)

Question 6

Timolol (Eye drop)

Answer 6

Indication: Hypertension, prevention of MI, prevent migraine headaches

Contraindications: Uncompensated HF, pulmonary edema, bradycardia

Side Effects: Fatigue, weakness

Adverse Reactions: Anaphylaxis, Arrythmias, HF, pulmonary edema, bradycardia

Nursing Considerations: Monitor intake/output ratios and daily weight, assess patient routinely for fluid overload

Patient Teachings: Take exactly as directed, Teach how to take BP/ pulse, Call HCP if difficulty breathing/wheezing occurs

Question 7

Metoprolol (PO)

Answer 7

Indication: Hypertension, angina pectoralis

Contraindications: HF, Pulmonary edema, Bradycardia

Side Effects: nausea, vomitting

Adverse Reactions: Worsened HF, Pulmonary edema, Bradycardia

Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP, ECG & pulse throughout therapy, monitor
intake/output & daily weight

Patient Teachings: Take medication exactly as directed, Contact HCP if slow pulse, difficult breathing, or dizziness occurs