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pharmacology applied > hypertension > Flashcards

hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

what are the actions of diuretics

A

increase NA excretion, water loss follows, reduces plasma volume and cardiac output

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2
Q

what is the role of the bowans capsule?

A

encloses gomerulus, site of blood filtration into renal tubules

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3
Q

what are the actions of thiazides?

A

inhibit NA, Cl co transport in distal tubule

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4
Q

name an example of thiazides diuretics?

A

chlorothiazide, bendrofluazide

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5
Q

what is an adverse effect of thiazides?

A

increased urination, low profile of side effects

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6
Q

what are loop diuretics?

A

potent diuretics however reserved for use in patients with renal insufficiency, resistent hypertension of heart failure

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7
Q

name 2 calcium antagonists?

A

dihydropropyridines, benzothiazepine

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8
Q

name 2 examples of dihydropyridines?

A

nifedipine, amlodipines, nicardipine

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9
Q

name an example of benzothiazepine?

A

diltiazem

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10
Q

what is the action of diltiazem?

A

block calcium channels in conducting tissue of the heart which slows the heart rate

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11
Q

name 3 examples of a blockers?

A

doxazosin, terazosin, prazosin

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12
Q

what are the adverse effects of a blockers?

A

postural hypotension, severe hypotension after 1st dose

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13
Q

name 2 examples of b blockers?

A

atenolol, propanolol

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14
Q

what are the effectsof b blockers?

A

block action of noradrenaline on the heart, reducing cardiac output

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15
Q

what are the side effects associated with b blockers?

A

cold hands, fatigue, heart failure, conduction block in heart

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16
Q

name 4 examples of ACE inhibitors?

A

captopril, enalapril, lisonpril, ramipril

17
Q

what are the actions of ACE inhibitors?

A

prevent conversion of angiontensin 1 to II, stimulating aldosterone secretion

18
Q

what are the side effects associated with ACE inhibitors?

A

dry cough, hypotension initally

19
Q

name 4 examples of angiotensin II receptor antagonists?

A

losartan, candesartan, eprosartan, valsartan

20
Q

what are the actions of angiotensin II receptor antagonists?

A

block the action of angiotensin II at its receptor

pharmacology applied (7 decks)

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