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ENDOCRINE DISEASES > HYPERTHYROIDISM > Flashcards

HYPERTHYROIDISM Flashcards

1
Q

Hyperthyroidism is also called?

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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2
Q

basic concept of hyperthyroidism

A

” Everything is high and wet”

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3
Q

Incidence in hyperthyroidism

A

Female

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4
Q

What are the 3 basic concepts in hyperthyroidism

A

HII

HYPOCALCEMIA
INCREASED METABOLIC RATE
INCREASED BODY HEAT PRODUCTION

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5
Q

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism

A

Grave’s disease

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6
Q

Factors that can cause hyperthyroidism

A

ANE

Autoimmune
Neoplasm
Excessive intake of thyroid

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7
Q

Due to increased metabolism the patient may experience

A

Increased appetite
Weight loss
Heat intolerance

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8
Q

Due to activation of CNS and SNS the patient might experience

A

HDP

Hypertension
Diaphroesis
Palpitation

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9
Q

Due to hypocalcemia the patient might experience

A

GRINDH

GI motility
Restlessness
Increased neuromuscular irritability
Nervousness
Diarrhea
Hyper active bowel sounds

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10
Q

The protrusion of one or both eyes

A

Exophthalmos

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11
Q

Describes an abnormal vertical wideness of the palpebral fissure

A

Von Graefe’s

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12
Q

The forehead remains smooth when one looks up/ lack of wrinkling of the forehead when a patient looks up with the head bent forwards

A

Jeffrey’s

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13
Q

Forward displacement of the eye ; the bulging of one or both or your eyes from their natural position

A

Proptosis

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14
Q

Signs and symptoms of proptosis

A

BLEPD

Bloody vision
Lacrimation
Eye pain
Photophobia
Diplopia

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15
Q

2 types of iodides

A

Lugol’s solution
SSKI - Saturated solution of potassium iodide

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16
Q

It is a administered before performing thyroidectomy to avoid bleeding

A

Lugol’s solution

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17
Q

Nursing responsibilities in using iodides

A

Assess for hypersensitivity to iodine before giving medication

Dilute liquid iodine to cold water / fruit juices to mask the bitter taste

Monitor for increased bleeding if the client is also taking anticoagulants

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18
Q

What are the common side effects of iodine

A

AMIC VARS

Allergic reaction
Metallic or brassy taste
Increased salivation
Coryza
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Rashes
Sore gums

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19
Q

2 types of thioamides

A

Methymazole
Prophylthiouracil

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20
Q

Mechanism of action of thioamides

A

Inhibit TH production

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21
Q

Methimazole/Tapazole can be taken
in _____ daily dose

A

1

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22
Q

Propylthiouracil must be taken in ______ doses daily

A

3

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23
Q

Methimazole/Tapazole is contraindicated in

A

Pregnant patient

24
Q

What are the side effects of THIOAMIDES

A

ARFSSD

Agranulocytosis/neutropenia with leukopenia
Rashes
Fever
Sore throat
Sore gums
Diarrhea

25
Q

Other side effects of THIOAMIDES

A

HPPALM

Hypothyroidism
Pruritus
Periorbital edema
Anorexia
Lose of taste
Menstrual changes

26
Q

What to consider in administering THIOAMIDES

A

Administer at same time each day with meals

27
Q

Full effects of antithyroid hormones experienced in ____ weeks

A

12

28
Q

Take medication regularly and exactly. Do not discontinue abruptly to prevent ________

A

Thyroid storm

29
Q

What are the over-all nursing responsibilities when taking antithyroid medications

A

MAAAW

Monitor BP and PR and weight

Administer with meals to prevent GI bleeding

Avoid ASA and iodine- containing medications

Advise client to consult physician before eating iodized salt and iodine- rich foods

Weight gain

30
Q

Beta blocker that control HTN and tachycardia

A

Inderal / propanolol

31
Q

It inhibits the action of thyroid hormones

A

Calcium - channel blockers, dexamethasone /glucocorticoids

32
Q

2 types of thyroïdectomy

A

Sub-total thyroidectomy
Total thyroidectomy

33
Q

5/6 of the gland is removed, leaves enough of the gland in place to produce an adequate amount of TH

A

Sub-total thyroïdectomy

34
Q

This surgery treats cancer of the thyroid and the client requires lifelong hormone replacement

A

Total thyroidectomy

35
Q

Before surgery, the client should be in as nearly __________ as possible

A

Euthyroid state

36
Q

What will you assess during perioperative care in patients that will undergo thyroïdectomy

A

Vital sign
Weight
Electrolyte levels
Hyperglycemia
Glycosuria

37
Q

In perioperative care why should you teach client to support the neck when sitting up in bed, while moving about and while

A

To prevent hyper extension of the neck

38
Q

In perioperative care teach the client to expect hoarseness of voice because of

A

Laryngeal nerve damage

39
Q

If the patient experiences mild hoarseness of voice it is due to ________

A

Intubation

40
Q

What will you do if the patient experiences severe hoarseness of voice

A

Notify HCP due to possible inadvertent of parathyroid gland that can lead to respiratory arrest

41
Q

In perioperative care, why should you place an ECG______

A

Prove to cardiac arrest

42
Q

Medications that prevent thyroid storm

A

Lugol’s solution
Propanolol
Dexamethasone

43
Q

It reduce vascularity of the thyroid gland

A

Lugol’s solution

44
Q

It inhibits in action of thyroid hormone

A

Dexamethasone

45
Q

In postoperative care for thyroïdectomy, in giving comfort measures administer ___________ for pair

A

Analgesics

46
Q

In postoperative care position the patient in __________________(with head, neck and shoulders erect) after recovery and support head and neck with pillows

A

Semi - fowlers

47
Q

If hemorrhage occurs where will you assess the patient?

A

Under/back of the neck and shoulders

48
Q

what will you do in postoperative care if respiratory distress occurs

A

Assess RR, rhythm, depth and effort
Assist with deep breathing and coughing exercises

49
Q

During postoperative care if respiratory distress occur you must have ____________________, oxygen and a tracheostomy set available for immediate use

A

Suction equipment

50
Q

If laryngeal nerve damage occur assess for ability to speak aloud every _________, noting quality and tone of voice

A

Hour

51
Q

If laryngeal nerve damage occur limit talking and _______________

A

assess for level of hoarseness

52
Q

Signs of laryngeal nerve damage

A

Restlessness
Respiratory obstruction
High pitch voice
Stridor
Dysphagia

53
Q

What is tetany?

A

Involuntary contraction of muscles due to hypocalcemia

54
Q

Signs and symptoms of tetany

A

Parasthesia
Muscle twitching
Convulsion
Seizures
+ chovstek’s sign
+ trosseau’s sign

55
Q

Drug of choice of tetany

A

Calcium gluconate / calcium chloride

56
Q

Tetany occurs in ________days after surgery

A

1-7

57
Q

What happens during thyroid storm?

A

Thyroid hormones enters the blood stream

ENDOCRINE DISEASES (9 decks)

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