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Hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothalamus…. 3rd ventricle

A

Surrounds

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

Name each part of the diencephalon

A
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4
Q

Rostral limit hypothalamus

A

Lamina Terminalis

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5
Q

Caudal limit of the hypothalamus

A

Midbrain (no clear limit)

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6
Q

Dorsal limit of the hypothalamus

A

Hypothalamic sulcus

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7
Q

Ventral limit hypothalamus

A

Cranial base

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8
Q

Medial limit hypothalamus

A

3rd ventricle

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9
Q

Lateral limits hypothalamus

A

Substantia innominata and posterior limb of the internal capsule

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10
Q

Name the regions of the hypothalamus

A
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11
Q

Name the parts of the hypothalamus

A
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12
Q
A
  1. Periventrocular zone
  2. Lateral hypothalamic area
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13
Q

In the lateral hypothalamic area, we find…

A

Fibers: medial prosencephalic bundle
Disperse neurons: orexin neurons, lateral hypothalamic nerve, tuberal nerve

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14
Q

Medial hypothalamus regions

A
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15
Q
A
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16
Q
A
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17
Q
A
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18
Q
A
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19
Q

VISCERAL AFFERENTS (VEGETATIVE SYSTEM) THAT PROJECT INTO THE HYPOTHALAMUS COME FROM…

A

NTS, PARABRACHIAL NUCLEUS, PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY MATTER

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20
Q

VISCERAL EFFERENTS FROM THE HYPOTHALAMUS SEND PROJECTIONS TO …

A

Dorsal motor nucleus (vagus nerve and nucleus ambiguus)

21
Q

Hippocampal afferences and efferences are related to

22
Q

Lambic afferences and efferences are related to…

23
Q

Hippocampal afferences and efferences pass through the… before reaching the cortex

A

Anterior thalamic nucleus

24
Q

Limbic afferences and efferences pass trough the … before reaching the cortex

A

Dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus

25
Scheme of vegetative system hypothalamus
26
Hippocampal system (hypothalamus) scheme
27
Limbic system scheme (hypothalamus)
28
Can emotions influence the vegetative system?
Yes they can, that is why we can sometimes be hungry when being anxious or viceversa.
29
Name the functions of the hypothalamus
Hormonal control, biological rhythms (sleep, etc), control pf the vegetative system (feeding and water intake, termorregulation), emotional reactions, memory…
30
HORMONAL CONTROL HYPOTHALAMUS -… nucleus and … nucleus directly produce ADH - … (several) nucleus induce factors that make veins release hormones.
- supraoptic, paraventricular - medial preoptic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, paraventricular nucleus
31
Name a part of the hypothalamus involved in sleep (CIRCADIAN RYTHMS)
SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS
32
Pupillary dilation is controlled by the … system
Sympathetic
33
Sweating is controlled by the … system
Sympathetic
34
Inhibition of gastrointestinal motility, Urine retention and ejaculation is controlled by the … system
Sympathetic
35
Stimulation of respirarory motility and stimulation of gastrointestinal motility is controlled by the … system
Parasympathetic
36
Contraction of bladder detrusor and erection are controlled by the … system
Parasympathetic
37
GABA (which induces sleep) is produced in the…
Anterior HP (preoptic)
38
Histamine is produced in the …
Posterior HT (tuberal-lateral area)
39
Orexins (sleep) are produced in the….
Lateral area HT (isolated)
40
Feeding is controlled by the … part of the HT, which is related to saciety
VENTROMEDIAL
41
A person who is constantly hungry might have a lesion in the … part of the HT
ventromedial
42
Feeding is controlled by the … part of the HT, which is related to hunger
LATERAL
43
Supraoptic and paraventricular parts of the HT produce… hormone
ADH
44
Emotional reactions are controlled by the … part of the HT
Dorsomedial
45
Thermoregulation is controlled by the… part of the HT
Anterior and posterior
46
Memory is controlled by the … of the HT
Mamillary
47
The … part of the HT controls the sympathetic autonomic regulation
Caudo-lateral
48
The … part of the HT controls the parasympathetic autonomic regulation
Rostro-medial
49
Tumour in the hypothalamus

NEUROLOGY (27 decks)

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