hypovolemic shock

Question 1

causes of hypovolemic shock

Answer 1

Results from decreased intravascular volume

Internal fluid shifts
- GI bleed with pooling
- Ruptured spleen
- Hemothorax
- Third spacing in peritoneal cavity
- Cirrhosis and ascites
- Hemorrhagic pancreatitis

External loss of fluid
- Loss of whole blood
- Hemorrhage (trauma)
- Loss of plasma
- Exudate loss from burns or major decubitus
- Loss of body fluid
- Vomiting, diarrhea, fistula
- NG suction
- Diuretic therapy
- Hyperglycemic osmotic diuresis

Question 2

assessment findings with hypovolemic shock

Answer 2

Tachycardia and hypotension
Positive postural vital signs
Tachypnea
Oliguria
Cool, pale, clammy skin
Weak, thready pulses
Flat jugular veins
Decreased LOC

Question 3

diagnostics for hypovolemic shock

Answer 3

Electrolytes
CBC
Serum lactate
ABG
Diagnostic exams to ID cause

Question 4

hemodynamic profile for hypovolemic shock

Answer 4

Preload is decreased
CVP is low
PCWP is low
Afterload is increased
SVR is high

Contractility and HR are increased due to compensatory mechanisms, but BP and CO are still low

Question 5

what is the primary treatment for the hypovolemic shock patient?

Vasopressors
IV fluids
Beta I agonist
Reverse Trendelenburg

Answer 5

IV fluids