I- Inorganic (general) =) Flashcards
Describe how a student could distinguish between aqueous solutions of potassium nitrate, KNO3, and potassium sulfate, K2SO4, using one simple test-tube reaction. (3)
- BaCl2
- KNO3- x visible reaction
- K2SO4- white ppt.
Describe how a student could distinguish between aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride, MgCl2, and aluminium chloride, AlCl3, using one simple test-tube reaction. (3)
NaOH
* MgCl2- white ppt
* AlCl3- white ppt that dissolves in excess NaOH
Give a reagent (or combination of reagents) that, when added separately to each compound, could be used to distinguish between them.
State what is observed in each case.
Aqueous silver nitrate and aqueous sodium nitrate. (3)
soluble chloride (sodium?) + HCl
- AgNO3- white ppt
- NaNO3- x reaction
Which of these substances reacts most rapidly to produce a silver halide precipitate with acidified silver nitrate?
A. CH3Br
B. CH3Cl
C. CH3F
D. CH3l
D
- C-I bond = weakest
- smallest diff in charges
Describe a series of tests to show that a solution contains ammonium sulfate. (4)
- warm w/ NaOH
- damp red litmus at mouth of tube –> turns blue –> ammonium
- add barium sulfate
- white ppt formed –> SO4 2-
Test for nitrate ions
- add a few drops of NaOH + warm
- damp red litmus held at end of test tube turns blue
- ∵ ammonia produced- alkaline
NaCl(aq) and BaCl2(aq) can be distinguished by
simple test-tube reactions.
Give a reagent, or combination of reagents, that can be added to the solutions to distinguish between them in a single reaction.
State what is observed in each case. (3)
- H2SO4
- NaCl- x visible change
- BaCl2- white ppt.
Wrtie an equation for the reaction that occurs when chlorine is added to cold water.
State whether or not the water is oxidised and explain your answer. (3)
- Cl2 + H2O –> HCl + HClO
- x oxidised
- ∵ ox states of O (-2) & H (+1) unchanged
