ICT Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

It deals with the use of different communication technologies such as mobile phones, telephones, internet to locate,
save, send, and edit information.
• It is a study of computers as data processing tools.
• It introduces students to the fundamentals of using computer systems in an internet environment.

ICT

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t is an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary
form, according to instructions given to it in variable progra

Computer

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The heart of the computer, this is the component that actually executes instructions
organized in programs (“software”) which tell the computer what to do.

CPU

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Enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data, programs, and
intermediate results.

Memory

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Allows a computer to permanently retain large amounts

of data and programs between jobs. Example is a disk drive.

Mass storage device

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Usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter
a computer

Input device

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A display screen, printer, or devices that let you see what the computer has accomplished

Output device

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A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor.

personal computer

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A powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful
microprocessor and, in general, a higher-quality monitor.

Workstation

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A multi-user computer capable of supporting up to hundreds of users simultaneously.

Minicomputer

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A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users
simultaneously.

Mainframe

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An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second

Super computer

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A computer designed to fit comfortably on top of a desk, typically with the monitor sitting on top of
the computer. D

Desktop computer

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An extremely

lightweight personal computer.

Notebook computer

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A small, portable

computer – small enough that it can sit on your lap.

Laptop computer

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A portable computer that is small enough to be held in one’s hand. Although extremely
convenient to carry, handheld computers have not replaced notebook computers because of their small
keyboards and screens. They are also called PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant) and Pocket computers.

Hand-held computer

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An information system on the internet that allows documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links,
enabling the user to search for information by moving from one document to another

WWW

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It is a hypertext document connected to the World Wide Web. It is a document that is suitable for the World Wide
Web.

Web pages

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A collection of web pages which are grouped together and usually connected together in various ways.

Web site

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It is a computer that hosts a website on the Internet.

Web server

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It refers to the first stage in the world wide web, which was entirely made up of the web pages connected
by hyperlinks.

Web 1.0

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– is known as a flat page or stationary age in the sense that the page is “as is” and cannot be
manipulated by the user. The content is also the same for all users that is referred to as Web 1.0

Static Web page

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It is the evolution of Web 1.0 
by adding dynamic pages. The user is 
able to see a website differently than 
others. It allows the users to interact 
with the page;

Web 2.0

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platform is all about
semantic web. It aims to have
machines (or servers) understand the user’s preferences to be able to deliver web content.

Web 3.0

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web 2.0 is the evolution of web 1.0 by adding dynamic web pages. The user is able to see website differently than others (example: social networking sites, wikis, video sharing sites)

Dyanamix web pages

allows user to categorize and classify information using freely chosen keywords e.g. tagging by FB, Twitter, use tags that start with the sign #, referred to as hashtag.

Folksonomy

content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input

Rich user Experience

The owner of the website is not the only one who is able to put content. Others are able to place a content of their own by means of comments, reviews and evaluation e.g. Lazada, Amazon.

User participation

services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spent in the internet.

Long tail

e- users will be subscribe to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them e.g. Google docs used to create and edit word processing and spread sheet.

Software as a service

– diverse information sharing through universal web access. Web 2.0’s content is based on people from various cultures.

Mass participation

is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task. For example, besides using your personal computer to create word documents, you can now use smartphone.

Convergence

is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users web users to create, co-create, discuss modify, and exchange user generated content.

Social Media

These are sites that allows you to connect with other people with the same interests or background. Once the user creates his/her account, he/she can set up a profile, add people, share content, among others. Example: Facebook and Google+

Social networks

Sites that allow you to store and manage links to various website and resources. Most of the sites allow you to create a tag to others. Example: Stumble Upon, Pinterest

Bookmarking site

Sites that allow users to post their own news items or links to other news sources. The users can also comment on the post and comments may also be rank. Example: Reddit and Digg

Social news

sites that allow you to upload and share media content like images, music and video. Example: Flickr, YouTube and Instagram

Media sharing

focus on short updates from the user. Those that subscribed to the user will be able to receive these updates. Example: Twitter and Plurk

Microblogging

allow user to post their content. Other users are able to comment on the said topic. Example: Blogger, WordPress and Tumblr

Blogs and Forums

s a non- profit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user.

Assistive media

distributed computing on internet or delivery of computing service over the internet. Instead of running an e-mail program on your computer, you log in to a Web e-mail account remotely. The software and storage for your account doesn’t exist on your computer – it’s on the service’s computer cloud

Cloud computing

lients are the device that the end user interact with cloud

client computers

often servers are in geographically different places, but server acts as if they are working next to each other.

Distributed servers

it is a collection of servers where application is placed and is accessed via Internet

Data centers

allows systems and services to be easily accessible to the general public. Public cloud may be less secured because of its openness, e.g. e-mail

public cloud

allows systems and services to be accessible within an organization. It offers increased security because of its private nature

Private cloud

allows systems and services to be accessible by group of organizations

Community cloud

is a mixture of public and private cloud. However, the critical activities are performed using private cloud while the non-critical activities are performed using public cloud.

Hybrid cloud

s who you are in the cyberspace. It is how you present | yourself to others online

Online identity

What you share. It is the layer that you do control. It consists of data you feed into social media and mobile applications.

first layer

Made of Behavioral Observations. These are not so much choices you consciously make, but the metadata that gives context to those choice.

second layer

: Interpretations of the first and second. It is what the machine thinks about you. Your data are analyzed by various algorithms and compared with other users’ data for meaningful statistical correlations

third layer

It is a law approved on September 12, 2012. It aims to address legal issues concerning online interactions in the internet.

Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10175)

An individual who uses computer, networking or other skills to overcome a technical problem. It may also refer to a person who uses his or her abilities to gain unauthorized access to systems or networks in order to commit crimes.

Hackers

It is any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability.

Computer security risk

An individual with extensive computer knowledge whose purpose is to breach internet security or gain access to software without paying royalties.

Crackers

An unskilled individual who use scripts or programs developed by others to attach computer systems and networks and deface websites.

Script kiddies

An individual practicing the act or spying to gain secret information on a government or a business competitor through the use of any ICT tools

Corporate spies

An individual or group who uses email as an offensive force. They usually send a company a threatening email stating that will exploit a security leak or launch an attack that will harm the company’s network.

Cyberextortionist

Individuals who are involved in any premeditated, politically motivated attack against information, computer systems, computer programs, and data which results in violence against non-combatant targets

Cyberterrorist

It is the use of a computer network | without permission.

Unauthorized access

. It is the use of a computer or its data for | unapproved or possibly illegal activities.

Unauthorized use

It is the act of stealing a computer | equipment.

Hardware theft

It is the act of defacing or destroying | computer equipment.

Hardware vandalism

. It occurs when someone: a) steals a software media; b) intentionally erases programs; c) illegally copies a program; and d) illegally registers and / or activates a program.

Software theft

. It occurs when someone steals personal | or confidential information.

Information theft

A program that affects a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works.

Computer virus

Copies itself repeatedly, using up resources and possibly shutting down the computer network.

Worm

A malicious program that hides within or looks like a legitimate program.

trojan horse

A malicious program that hides within or looks like a legitimate program.

rootkit

to the growing gap between the underprivileged member of society, especially the poor, rural, elderly, and handicapped portion of the population who do not have access to computers or the internet.

digital divide

People who were not born in the digital era and later adopted the new technology

digital immigrants

People who were born during or after the | digital era which begins in 1980.

digital natives

is the ability to use information and communication technologies to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information, requiring both cognitive and technical skills.

Digital literacy

Understanding how internet culture is expressed and transmitted through phenomena such as memes, emojis, and animated gifs.

Cultural:how to behave

incorporates what we know of as computer literacy or | IT skills with an understanding of the key concepts.

Cognitive:How to do

The constructive element involves knowing what it means to “construct” something in a digital environment.

Constructive: How to use

Knowing the purpose of various online tools and how they are different or similar to each other.

Communicative: How to communicate

Understanding and capitalizing upon the ways in which online world differs from the offline world

Confident: How to belong

It refers to creating new things which add value where the focus is more on the value created rather than the act of creating something new.

Creative:How to make

Using reasoning skills to question, analyze, scrutinize, and evaluate digital content, tools, and applications.

Critical:How to evaluate

Refers to individuals having the knowledge and ability to use digital environments to selforganize; to be part of a movement bigger than themselves.

Civic: How to participate