Ideal solution

Question 1

dependency physical properties of solution

Answer 1

more directly on concentration of solute

Question 2

colligative properties of solution

Answer 2

vapour pressure, freezing and boiling point and osmotic pressure

Question 3

ideality of solution

Answer 3

slightly different of ideal gas

as intermolecular interaction in liquids are strong therefore cannot be neglected

Question 4

dependency of colligative

Answer 4

on ratio of solute to solvent molecules

Question 5

interaction of molecules in ideal solution

Answer 5

has a force of attraction between molecules

all interact with identical magnitudes and distance dependencies - all attract and repel at same time

Question 6

molecules cannot tell each other apart

Answer 6

properties of specific molecules are independent of composition

Question 7

real solution

Answer 7

volume might be larger - if 2 solution repel

Question 8

arrangement of molecules

Answer 8

completely random therefore enthalpy change on mixing components to make solution is 0

Question 9

volume change

Answer 9

additive in ideal solution

Question 10

closer to 0 the enthalpy of solution

Answer 10

more ‘ideal’ behaviour becomes

Question 11

DH{mix}=0

Answer 11

no enthalpy change of mixing

Question 12

making a mixture of liquid

Answer 12

breaking existing intermolecular forces and then make new ones

Question 13

how intermolecular forces are broken

Answer 13

by heat

Question 14

if intermolecular forces are the same

Answer 14

won’t be any heat either evolved or absorbed

therefore ideal mixture of 2 liquids will have 0 enthalpy change

Question 15

when mixture isn’t ideal

Answer 15

if temperature increases or decreases

Question 16

ideal solution

Answer 16

equation relating partial vapour pressure of individual components to composistion

Question 17

partial vapour pressure, Px of component in solution

Answer 17

pressure of that component in gas phase that is in equilibrium with solution

Question 18

vapour pressure equation

Answer 18

P{x} = N{x} * P{x}(0)

Question 19

N{x}

Answer 19

mole fraction of x in solution

Question 20

Px(0)

Answer 20

vapour pressure of pure liquid x

Question 21

solution composed of compounds x, Q and P

mole fraction of x

Answer 21

N{x} = n{x}/(n{x}+n{Q}+n{P})

Question 22

solution definition

Answer 22

made up of different components - types of molecules

Question 23

vapour pressure

Answer 23

pressure exerted by vapour in vapour in equilibrium with its liquid/solid phase at given temp in closed system

Question 24

liquid molecules at surface

Answer 24

escape in to gas phase

Question 25

gas particles collide with walls of container

Answer 25

pressure above liquid - vapour pressure

Question 26

Raoult's law

Answer 26

for ideal solution - vapour pressure of a component in that solution = mole factor of that component x vapour pressure of component

Question 27

Raoult's law equation

Answer 27

P{x} = N{x} * P{x}(0)

Question 28

chemical potential equation

Answer 28

μx{solution} = μx*{liquid} + RTlnNx

Question 29

mole concentration

Answer 29

μx = μx* + RTln[x]

Question 30

in very dilute solution

Answer 30

both solvent and solute can be treated as ideal

Question 31

number of solute is low

Answer 31

solvent molecules spend most of its time interacting with other solvent molecules

Question 32

affect of increasing concentration of solute

Answer 32

no affect until number of solute is high enough that solvent molecule spend significant time interacting with solute molecules

Question 33

interaction of solute to solvent

Answer 33

solute molecules interact with solvent molecules only increase solute conc doesn't change until significant soluble-solvent interaction