identify, describe & explain terminology

Question 1

independent

Answer 1

cause - does not change

Question 2

dependant

Answer 2

effect

Question 3

biosphere

Answer 3

the part of the earth that supports all life

Question 4

ecology

Answer 4

the study of the interaction of organisms & their environment

Question 5

chemical potential energy

Answer 5

the form in which energy is stored in food during photosynthesis

Question 6

abiotic factors

Answer 6

non-living elements of an environment

Question 7

biotic factors

Answer 7

living elements an environment that influences each other

Question 8

greenhouse effect

Answer 8

sunlight warms up the earth, but heat can’t escape the denser atmosphere anymore

Question 9

rain shadow

Answer 9

clouds blown upward, causing mountain rainfall

Question 10

hibernation

Answer 10

winter sleep due to extremely low temps

Question 11

estivation

Answer 11

summer sleep due to high day temps with dry conditions

Question 12

homogenous

Answer 12

you cant see the difference in the nature of the plants

Question 13

stratification

Answer 13

the appearance of 3 layers
1. crown
2. shrubs
3. fern, ground

Question 14

habitat

Answer 14

living place of an organism

Question 15

niche

Answer 15

role played in an ecosystem

Question 16

carrying capacity

Answer 16

number of organisms that can be supported by the environment

Question 17

habitat modification

Answer 17

a change in land use or land cover that has an impact on local ecosystems

Question 18

fynbos

Answer 18

small leaves

Question 19

indigenous plants

Answer 19

a plant that naturally grows there

Question 20

endemic plants

Answer 20

plants that are only found in that area and nowhere else

Question 21

fuel pile

Answer 21

gathering of flammable liquids

Question 22

salinity

Answer 22

concentration of salt in water or soil

Question 23

bio-diversity

Answer 23

the different kinds of life you’ll find in one area

Question 24

eco-region

Answer 24

areas where ecosystems (and the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources) are generally similar

Question 25

flagship-species

Answer 25

a species chosen to raise support for biodiversity conservation in a given place or social context

Question 26

invader

Question 27

nocturnal

Answer 27

active at night

Question 28

diurnal

Answer 28

active at daytime

Question 29

sandy soil

Answer 29

poor water retention

Question 30

loam soil

Answer 30

high humus, good water retention

Question 31

clay soil

Answer 31

high water retention

Question 32

alkaline

Answer 32

occurs in areas w a low rainfall where salts accumulate in the soil

Question 33

acidic

Answer 33

found in areas w high rainfall. water washes leaches salts from the soil and is replaced by H+-ions- hence the low pH

Question 34

hydroscopic (absorption)

Answer 34

water molecules cling to the soil particles

Question 35

capillary

Answer 35

water is found between soil particles & can be absorbed by plants

Question 36

seepage (borehole)

Answer 36

water is available to plants as it seeps through the upper soil layers

Question 37

autotrophs

Answer 37

an organism that can produce their own food

Question 38

heterotrophs

Answer 38

organisms that eat other plants or animals for energy & nutrients

Question 39

saprophytic

Answer 39

obtaining food by absorbing dissolved organic material

Question 40

biome

Answer 40

an ecological area

Question 41

population

Answer 41

a group of the same species living in the same area at the same time

Question 42

communtiy

Answer 42

a group of diff species living in the same area at the same time

Question 43

genetic diversity

Answer 43

the variety, as well as the variation in a species

Question 44

species diversity

Answer 44

the number of diff species found in certain area

Question 45

endemic species

Answer 45

are only found in a specific area

Question 46

extint

Answer 46

species die out due to natural or human impacts

Question 47

taxonomy

Answer 47

naming and classification of living organism

Question 48

eukaryotes

Answer 48

True nucleus

Question 49

prokaryotes

Answer 49

no true nucleus