IDENTITY

Question 1

Agents of socialisation push people toward ________ identities

Answer 1

hegemonic identities

Question 2

Oakely

Answer 2

Manipulation, canalisation, verbal appellation

Question 3

Evidence of changing gender identities (4)

Answer 3

‘ladettes’ (Jackson)
‘new men’
‘crisis in masculinity’
‘mosaic identities’

Question 4

Mac an Ghaill

Answer 4

Crisis in masculinity

Question 5

Gender identity theorist

Answer 5

Oakley

Question 6

Mackintosh and Mooney

Answer 6

Upper class invisibility- social closure

Question 7

Fox

Answer 7

Upper middles, middle middles, lower middles

Question 8

Hutton

Answer 8

Decline in trade union membership and dispersal on working class communities= decline in working class identity

Question 9

Skeggs

Answer 9

Working class women feel looked down on therefore try harder with their looks

Question 10

Murray

Answer 10

The underclass- laziness and fecklessness

Question 11

Who speaks about social closure/ UC invisibility ?

Answer 11

Mackintosh and Mooney

Question 12

Who speaks about declining working class identities through decline in trade union memberships and communities dispersing?

Answer 12

Hutton

Question 13

Evidence social class identity is not changing

Answer 13

Money can still buy opportunities

Question 14

Evidence social class identity is changing

Answer 14

Consumer culture now means we are defined by what we buy

Media gives access to high culture

Question 15

Barnes

Answer 15

Media portrayal of disabled as dependent and weak with no sex life

Question 16

Zola

Answer 16

‘learned helplessness’ (stigma leads to master status)

Question 17

The Social Model

Answer 17

eg the design of buildings (Shakespeare argues this stands in the way of a positive disabled identity)

Question 18

Shakespeare

Answer 18

Building design stands in the way of a positive disabled identity

Question 19

The Medical Model

Answer 19

Defined by disability

Can lead to victim blaming or learned helplessness

Question 20

Murugami

Answer 20

We now have the ability to construct a positive identity

Question 21

How does the media construct age?

Answer 21

Promotes stereotypes and different norms and values expected

Question 22

Laslett

Answer 22

‘The third age’- refers to a more fulfilled generation

Question 23

‘The Third Age’

Answer 23

Laslett, refers to a more fulfilled generation

Question 24

Who speaks about learned helplessness?

Answer 24

Zola

Question 25

Palmer

Answer 25

'toxic childhood'

Question 26

Who speaks about toxic childhood?

Answer 26

Palmer

Question 27

Postman

Answer 27

Childhood identity is created by how much a parent shields them

Question 28

Corner

Answer 28

Elderly feel like a burden

Question 29

Fanon

Answer 29

'white mask' - adoption of hybrid identities can help to fit in at school

Question 30

How is ethnic identity shaped?

Answer 30

Family, education, religion, media

Question 31

Bradford

Answer 31

Found that the majority of children with mixed ethnic identities were born in the UK

Question 32

Cashmore and Troyna

Answer 32

Ethnic minority communities 'turn inwards'

Question 33

Hall

Answer 33

Globalisation is leading to the creation of 'new ethnicties'

Question 34

Weeks

Answer 34

If you are gay, your sexuality identity is a bigger part of you

Question 35

McIntosh

Answer 35

Internalisation of label = fulfilment of stereotype

Question 36

Rich

Answer 36

Women's sexuality is oppressed by men- lesbianism threatens male power

Question 37

Declining national identities

Answer 37

Becoming difficult to find British culture shared by all

Question 38

Sadar

Answer 38

National identities are declining- 'Englishness' is based on old traditions

Question 39

Anderson

Answer 39

'imagined community'

Question 40

'imagined community'

Answer 40

Anderson

Question 41

Elderly feel like a burden

Answer 41

Corner

Question 42

Media portrayal of disabled people as weak and having no sex life

Answer 42

Barnes

Question 43

Spencer

Answer 43

Many ethnic minorities are white

Question 44

Winston James

Answer 44

racism unifies cultures

Question 45

Jacobson

Answer 45

Young Muslims form a strong identity as a response to exclusion

Question 46

Hewitt

Answer 46

'multiculturalism'- white working class communities sees racial inequality as unfair

Question 47

Kumar

Answer 47

'Englishness' is diluted

Question 48

Wilson

Answer 48

Men need to 'spread the seed'

Question 49

Hey

Answer 49

Studied girl friendship groups- found that norms and value are male dominated

Question 50

Mac an Ghaill

Answer 50

fighting, football and fucking

Question 51

Feminine identities (4)

Answer 51

Housewife/mother, breadwinner, career woman and single mother

Question 52

Denscombe

Answer 52

increase in female risk taking behaviour

Question 53

Connell

Answer 53

Hegemonic is the most common masculine identity

Question 54

Plummer

Answer 54

'homosexual career'

Question 55

Changing sexuality identity

Answer 55

Age of consent, sexuality isnt fixed, Reiss- sexuality is complex

Question 56

Changing ethnicity identity

Answer 56

Moodood 2nd gen immigrants- Brasians, cultural hybridity

Question 57

Featherstone and Hepworth

Answer 57

Retro fashions coming back

Question 58

'age is fluid'

Answer 58

Featherstone and Hepworth

Question 59

Overall view of Featherstone and Hepworth

Answer 59

Age identities are becoming more positive

Question 60

Learned helplessness, victim blaming

Answer 60

Zola

Question 61

The label creates the behaviour (effeminate)

Answer 61

McIntosh

Question 62

Disabled people get turned down from jobs- 2 in 3 people feel uncomfortable

Answer 62

Ridley

Question 63

Building design stands in the way of a positive disabled identity

Answer 63

Shakespeare

Question 64

Social and Medical model

Answer 64

Shakespeare

Question 65

We now have the ability to construct our own identities, independent of disability

Answer 65

Murugami

Question 66

The Homosexual Career

Answer 66

Plummer

Question 67

Lesbianism threatens male power- women subjected to 'compulsory heterosexuality'

Answer 67

Rich

Question 68

Study on Native American tribes and their attitudes toward homosexuality

Answer 68

Quinn

Question 69

Report done showing the 'homosexual encounters' between Americans

Answer 69

The Kinsey Reports (1948)

Question 70

Sexuality identity is a bigger part of those who are not heterosexual

Answer 70

Weeks

Question 71

Middle aged have the most status and power, but also can have negative associations- 'mid-life crisis'

Answer 71

Bradley

Question 72

Disappearing childhood

Answer 72

Postman

Question 73

Elderly feel like a burden

Answer 73

Corner

Question 74

The Third Age

Answer 74

Laslett

Question 75

Cosmetics give us the opportunity to constantly reinvent ourselves

Answer 75

Powell and Biggs

Question 76

Retro fashions coming back in show the decreasing gap between the elderly and the youth

Answer 76

Featherstone and Hepworth

Question 77

Youth seen as a period of storm and stress in Western cultures

Answer 77

Mead

Question 78

Toxic childhood

Answer 78

Palmer

Question 79

Not everyone can afford to rejuvenate themselves with cosmetics

Answer 79

Biggs