Identity And Personality Flashcards

(19 cards)

1
Q

Gestalt Therapy

A

Holistic view of the self. Not reducing individuals to behaviors or drives alone. Associated with humanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Humanistic theorists - supporters and definition

A

Also called phenomenological theorists: Kurt Lewin, Abraham Maslow, George Kelly, Carl Rogers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Force Field Theory

A

Kurt Lewin: little stock in constraints on personalities such as fixed traits, habits or structures (id, ego, and superego)
Field is one’s current state of mind and the forces are influences on the individual during that time (no focus on past or future)
2 groups: influences assisting in attaining goals and those blocking attainment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Maslow’s peak experiences

A

Profoundly moving experiences that have lasting effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

George Kelly

A

Humanist - personal construct psychology
Individual is a scientist predicting and testing actions of others; attempt to construct and understand variables in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carl Rogers’ client-centered therapy

A

Humanist
Known for client-centered (also called person-centered and nondirective) therapy, which espouses that people can control their own behavior and are not slaves to the unconscious or to faulty learning. No suggestions but assist in leading the patient to the right decision
Originator of real and ideal self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Carl Rogers’ unconditional positive regard

A

Therapeutic environment in which client is accepted entirely and empathy is expressed toward patient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type theorists

A

Taxonomy of personality types
Personalities are set of distinct qualities and dispositions into which people can be grouped
Examples include somatotypes - theory by William Sheldon that personality was based on body type; type A and B personalities; and Myers-Briggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Trait Theorists

A

Individual personality is the sum of person’s characteristic behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hans and Sybil Eysenck’s PEN Model

A

Trait theory which includes psychoticism (the measure of nonconformity or social deviance); Extroversion (measure of tolerance for social interaction situations); and Neuroticism (measure of emotional arousal in stressful situations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Big Five

A

OCEAN: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gordon Alpert’s three traits or dispositions

A

Primarily a trait theorist -
Cardinal traits - traits around which a person organizes his life; not everyone has these
Central traits - major characteristics of the personality easily inferred such as honesty
Secondary traits - other characteristics more limited in occurrence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Allport’s functional autonomy

A

A behavior continues even after the drive that created it has been satisfied (a hunter continues to hunt even after he has enough food)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

David McClelland’s N-Ach

A

N-Ach the need for achievement

Pride in accomplishments; avoid high risk and low risk and stop striving toward a goal if victory is unlikely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Behaviorist

A

Championed by B.F. Skinner; heavily based on operant conditioning
Personality is a reflection of behaviors that have been reinforced over time. And therapy should focus on reinforcing good behaviors
Token economies - impatient - positive behavior is rewarded with tokens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Social cognitive perspective

A

Takes behaviorism a step further focusing not only on environmental influences on behavior but also our interaction with the environment

17
Q

Albert Bendura’s reciprocal determinism

A

Idea that our thoughts, feelings and behaviors and environment all interact to determine our actions in a given situation
People choose environments that suit their personalities and environment determines how that person will react.

18
Q

Biological Perspective

A

Personality is a result of genetic expression in the brain

19
Q

Dispositional vs situational approach

A

Behavior is determined by individual’s personality or by the environment or context