Identity: ethnicity

Question 1

Nayak (2003) study

Answer 1

White wannabes. White british males who speak, act and dress in a way that is influenced by black hip-hop Ali-G.

Question 2

Ethnic identity is made up by ?

Answer 2

• religion
• language
• where we live
• ethnic identity
• skin colour

Question 2

What is Ghumans study ?

Answer 2

• Looks at British asian identities
• Found tradition, religion and family values played an important part in upbringing of 2nd gen asians.
• Tend to be socialised into extended family (taught duty and loyalty)

Question 3

What is Gilroy’s study ?

Answer 3

• Looked at the identity of young black people
• Came up with the term ‘black atlantic’
• An identity that wasn’t specifically rooted in the Uk or their country of origin
• He said the shared experiences of racism and powerlessness can go beyond differences in background and history to create a ‘black’ identity

Question 4

What did Hewitt study ?

Answer 4

• The white backlash of multiculturalism
• He believed that white working class people were under economical pressure
• They hold anger against the positive discrimination which was in favour of the ethnic minorities

Question 5

What was Spencers study ?

Answer 5

• He considered easter European migrants
• found that they spent little time socialising with British people.
• A Ukranian woman claimed that it was difficult to fit into British society due to the tightness of the circle of friends.

Question 6

What does it mean if ethnicity’s have resistance ?

Answer 6

The idea that experiencing racism can harden on ethnic identity.

Question 7

What is Cashmore and Troyna study ?

Answer 7

• Argue ethnic minorities can turn ‘inwards’ due to experience of racism.
• This strengths culture and religion.

Question 8

What is Jacobsen study ?

Answer 8

• He argued pakistanis choose a strong muslim identity
• a result of feeling excluded from British culture
• gives strength, stability and security.

Question 9

What is Winston James study ?

Answer 9

• The experience of racism unified the culture and identity of African-caribbean in the Uk
• A shared oppositional culture grew, organised around the label ‘black’ as a resistance to racism.

Question 10

What are examples of hydrid identity ?

Answer 10

• Parents who speak different languages
• Bran and Jonal say that young asians are skilled ‘code-switchers’ and can change their behaviour depending on the situation
• It was claimed that at school, asian ‘white mask’ to get along with teachers.

Question 11

What was Back’s study ?

Answer 11

• ‘neighbourhood nationalism’
• He found cultural hybridity among black and white youths
• White youths were attracted to aspects of black culture
• All local youths had a shared identity based on mixed ethnicity
• ‘neighbourhood nationalism’ a feeling of solidarity and common identity with those in the same area

Question 12

What was post modernists thoughts on ethnicity ?

Answer 12

• In a media-saturated society, identity is all about choice
• They believe ethnicity is becoming less significant and clear cut due to choice and hybridity