IDEOLOGIES

Question 1

is
a consistent
pattern of
opinion on
particular issues
that stems from
a core belief or
set of beliefs

Answer 1

Ideology

Question 2

who used ideology to
refer to a new science of
ideas

Answer 2

Count Antoine Destutt
de Tracy

Question 3

a plan to improve society

Answer 3

ideology

Question 4

People who favor giving the government a bigger role
in the area of economic security

Answer 4

Economic/Fiscal Liberals

Question 5

People who oppose giving the government a bigger
role in the area of economic security

Answer 5

Economic/Fiscal
Conservatives

Question 6

People who favor giving the government a bigger role
in the area of social lives

Answer 6

Social Conservatives.

Question 7

people who oppose giving the government a bigger role
in the area of social lives

Answer 7

are Social Liberals

Question 8

began in 1776 with the publication
of the book The Wealth of
Nations

Answer 8

Classical Liberalism

Question 9

Who is the author of the book The Wealth of
Nations

Answer 9

Adam Smith

Question 10

central thesis of The Wealth
of Nations is that capital is best
employed for the production and
distribution of wealth under
conditions of governmental
non-interference, or laissez-faire,
and free trade

Answer 10

Classical Liberalism

Question 11

consequent rise in the
general standard of living
attained,
* only through the efficient
operations of private
industrial and commercial
entrepreneurs acting
* with a minimum of
regulation and control by
governments

Answer 11

Classical Liberalism

Question 12

Who proclaimed the principle of the invisible hand?

Answer 12

Smith

Question 13

T/F: In the Classical Liberalism any interference with free competition by
government is almost certain to be injurious.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

Who refuted mercantilism?

Answer 14

Smith

Question 15

What certain definition of Mercantilism does Smith say ?

Answer 15

amount of bullion

Question 16

the government
supervised the economy with plans,
grants monopolies, subsidies, tariffs,
and other restraints on trade

Answer 16

Mercantilism

Question 17

Liberalism came from the Latin word Liber which means

Answer 17

free

Question 18

the market will regulate the
economy

Answer 18

liberalism

Question 19

efficient
producers will prosper and the
inefficient will die

Answer 19

liberalism

Question 20

the public will get the best
products for the lowest prices

Answer 20

liberalism

Question 21

Prices will be determined
by supply and demand
and the economy will be
regulated by the
“invisible hand”

Answer 21

liberalism

Question 22

invisible hand or?

Answer 22

desire for profit

Question 23

On the Liberalism view, who said that
government is best that
governs less,

Answer 23

Thomas Jefferson

Question 24

Liberalism has split into two ideologies namely:

Answer 24

Modern conservatism and modern liberalism

Question 25

was a reaction to the defects of the laissez-faire system

Answer 25

Modern Liberalism

Question 26

it proposes that the government should step into the marketplace to guarantee a level playing field for everyone

Answer 26

Modern Liberalism

Question 27

What system does produce an underclass or poor

Answer 27

laissez-faire system

Question 28

argued that while liberalism tries to achieve a free society, economic developments take away that freedom

Answer 28

T.H. Green

Question 29

proposes that the best practices and institutions in history should be conserved and change should be gradual

Answer 29

Classic conservatism

Question 30

argued that people are only partly rational, because they also have widely irrational passions

Answer 30

Edmund Burke

Question 31

What ideology states that society needs traditions, institutions and standards of morality in order to contain the irrational passions of man

Answer 31

Classic Conservatism

Question 32

Treatise of Thomas Hobbes that argued that man’s natural state was war

Answer 32

Leviathan

Question 33

life without government was a

Answer 33

“state of nature

Question 34

Who said that Governments, particularly a monarchy, was necessary to restrain man’s bestial tendencies

Answer 34

Thomas Hobbes

Question 35

argued men must give up to government certain rights

Answer 35

Hobbes

Question 36

is the ideology that continues its allegiance to Adam Smith’s original doctrine of minimal government

Answer 36

Modern conservatism

Question 37

argued that Smith was right and that the free market is still the best environment

Answer 37

Milton Friedman

Question 38

It also looks up to the government in upholding conservative values

Answer 38

conservatism

Question 39

Advocates of conservatism

Answer 39

US President Ronald Reagan and British PM Margaret Thatcher

Question 40

can be defined as an ideology that rejects individualism, private ownership, and private profits in favor of a system based on economic collectivism, governmental, societal or industrial group ownership of the means of production and distribution of goods and social responsibility

Answer 40

Socialism/Communism

Question 41

Father of modern socialism

Answer 41

François-Noel Babeuf

Question 42

advocated economic equality and common ownership of land

Answer 42

François-Noel Babeuf

Question 43

Utopian Socialist are for

Answer 43

labor union

Question 44

Utopian Socialist are

Answer 44

de Rouvroy Saint-Simonde Fourier

Question 45

was active in worker uprisings in 1848

Answer 45

Loius Blanc

Question 46

advocated a more down-to-earth form of socialism, including the establishment of worker-controlled councils and workshops

Answer 46

Blanc

Question 47

left-wing ideologies of the 20th century

Answer 47

from revolutionary communism to democratic socialism

Question 48

Socialism/Communism is sometimes labeled

Answer 48

Marxism

Question 49

Founder of Marxism

Answer 49

Karl Marx

Question 50

Associate of Marx

Answer 50

Friedrich Engels

Question 51

Who broke with the more benign utopian socialists, asserting that a radical transformation of society could only be attained by open class conflict

Answer 51

Marx and Engel

Question 52

Where did the bold assertion “All history is the history of class struggle

Answer 52

Communist Manifesto

Question 53

In history, change and progress are produced by a constant clash of conflicting economic forces—or, to use the term borrowed from German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831), by a process Marxists call ______

Answer 53

dialectic materialism.

Question 54

Main feature of modern industrial capitalism

Answer 54

streamlining of society into two antagonistic classes

Question 55

the antagonistic class that have own means of production

Answer 55

Capitalists

Question 56

who have no choice but to work long hours for subsistence wages

Answer 56

proletariat

Question 57

the founder of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the foremost leader of the Russian Revolution of 1917

Answer 57

Vladimir Lenin

Question 58

He said that violent mass action is necessary to bring about radical change

Answer 58

V. Lenin

Question 59

argued that parliamentary democracy and “bourgeois legality” were mere superstructures designed to mask the underlying reality of capitalist exploitation

Answer 59

Lenin

Question 60

social democracy held sway in countries located in this region

Answer 60

western Europe

Question 61

as an ideology was articulated in the book The Quest for Evolutionary Socialism

Answer 61

Social democracy

Question 62

author of in the book The Quest for Evolutionary Socialism

Answer 62

Eduard Bernstein

Question 63

He concluded that Marx has been wrong about the necessity for collapse of the system and revolution

Answer 63

Eduard bernstein

Question 64

He was criticised as a revisionist for revising Marxism in this way

Answer 64

bernstein

Question 65

No longer advocate nationalization of industries but the use of welfare measures to improve living conditions

Answer 65

bernstein

Question 66

is the process of transforming private assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state

Answer 66

nationalization

Question 67

Social democracies are what states?

Answer 67

welfare states

Question 68

have to impose high taxes in order to pay for welfare measures

Answer 68

welfare states

Question 69

an ideology that stresses belief in the ability of men and women to establish functioning communities without the need for the apparatus of state

Answer 69

anarchism

Question 70

It advocates the destruction of the existing society by revolution for the birth of a new and better one

Answer 70

anarchism

Question 71

claim that the state is a parasite and an enemy of the people

Answer 71

Bakunin

Question 72

encouraged the abolition of private property and the exposition of fraud in the guise of religion

Answer 72

bakunin

Question 73

They glorify revolution as the only way to effect change

Answer 73

bakunin and kropotkin

Question 74

This is a kind of anarchy where violence is a necessity to uproot the old system to counter resistance of the ruling class

Answer 74

Classical Anarchy

Question 75

It is intensely critical of social and political roles of religion in deceiving the people

Answer 75

Classical Anarchy

Question 76

One’s protest may be in the form of radical pacifism

Answer 76

Anarcho-individualist

Question 77

This praises the role of trade unions, advocates general strikes and prefers civil disobedience

Answer 77

Anarcho-syndicalist

Question 78

claimed that religion is the opium of the masses

Answer 78

karl marx

Question 79

Ideology that claimed that man is inherently evil and do need strong gov. intervention

Answer 79

classical conservatism

Question 80

is defined as devotion to the interests or glory of one’s own country

Answer 80

Nationalism

Question 81

It is weak on content as an ideology because it does not take a definite ideological position on such issues as unemployment, economic growth or mass poverty.

Answer 81

Nationalism

Question 82

extreme form of nationalism

Answer 82

fascism

Question 83

is a form of far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, as well as strongdictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, as well as strong regimentation of society and of the economy.regimentation of society and of the economy

Answer 83

fascism

Question 84

who favoured the retention of the monarchy were seated to the Speaker’s right.

Answer 84

conservatives

Question 85

(who favoured abolition) to the left

Answer 85

radicals

Question 86

means an ideology that favors equality, welfare programs and sometimes, government intervention in the economy

Answer 86

lefy

Question 87

stresses individual initiative and private economic activity

Answer 87

right

Question 88

is an ideology that favours an activist government as a means of promoting economic security as well as the personal values of people

Answer 88

populism

Question 89

is an ideology that rejects the view of the government as an instrument of traditional values and of economic security

Answer 89

libertarianism