idk Flashcards
(16 cards)
what is a thermal conductor
a material that easily allows energy to transfer through it
what is a thermal insulator
a material which doesn’t allow energy to easily transfer through it
name some insulators
wood. rubber. vacuum.
name some good conductors
cobalt. gold. zinc.
name some bad conductors.
water. sand.
why are liquids and gases poor conductors
bc of the large distance between the particles in a liquid or, especially, a gas. particles are loosely packed and this takes time to transfer the heat energy as fewer collision means less conduction
what is conduction
energy that can be transferred thru many solid materials
what is convection
the movement of particles through a substance, transporting their heat energy from hotter areas to cooler areas.
explain q = m x c x triangle t
q : thermal energy. m is mass of the substance. c is specific heat capacity of the material - this balue is fixed 4 any 1 type of material. triamgle t is temp change.
more abt conduction
energy can be transferred thru many solid materials by conduction. when a solid is heated the psrticles vibrate more. these vibration are possed thru the solid. energy is transferred easily thru metals in this way. metals r toor thermal conduction. materials sufh as wood and plastics are good thermal insualtors - energy isnt transferred thru thrm by conduction very well
more abt convection
energy is transferred thru fluids (liwuids + gases) by convection. when part of a fluid is heated it expands and becomes less dense than the fluid around it. it floats upwards through the remaining fluid. cooler fluid moves in to take its place and a convection current forms. conbection currents can also form when a part of a fluid is colder than its surroundings.
when does convection occur
Convection occurs when particles with a lot of heat energy in a liquid or gas move and take the place of particles with less heat energy.
what is a convection current
the movement of heated liquids and gases caused by the rise and fall of particles as they heat and cool.
where do convection + conduction hapoen
liquids + gases - convection. solids 4 conduction
methods of energy transfer
conduction. radiation. convection.
radiation meaning
transfer of energy as a wave
