IDs Flashcards
0
Q
Woodrow Wilson
A
Who: 28th President
What: US president during WW1 When: 1913-1921
Where: Washington
Why: led the US during WW1, proposed the 14 points, arbitration was his foreign policy and he believed in Global Self-Determinism
1
Q
LaFayette Escadrille
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Who: French Air-force What: American pilots When:1914-1918 Where :France Why: American pilots who volunteered to join the French air force and helped fight the Germans
2
Q
RMS Lusitana
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Who: English Passenger Ship What: Sunk by German U-Boats When:1915 Where: Atlantic (Coast of Uk Why: angered the Americans over the lost of 128 Americans lives on board the ship
3
Q
Peace Party
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Who: Jane Addams What: reformer party When:1915( early 1900s) Where: New York Why: fought for women's right to vote advocated peace not war
4
Q
Sussex Pledge
A
Who: US and Germany
What: agreement to end submarine warfare on un-armed ships
When: 1916
Where: Atlantic
Why: Germany promises to end all UBoat attacks provided US guarantees adherence to international law
5
Q
Zimmerman Note
A
Who: Germany's Foreign Secretary What: Telegram to Mexico When:1917 Where: Germany,Mexico, and US Why: Intersected by the British this telegram led to president Wilson asking congress for a declaration of war against Germany
6
Q
Great Migration
A
Who: African Americans
What: About 500,000 blacks migrated from the rural South to the urban North
When: 1915-1920
Where: south/ north US
Why: gave African Americans new employment opportunities and access to public education
7
Q
369/93 ID
A
Who: African American Soldiers What: 369 regiment of the 93rd division When: 1917-1918 Where: France Why: served in combat for 191 days and hailed as Heroes in France after WW1. Proved to be good fighters
8
Q
Fourteen Points
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Who: President Wilson What: peace plan for WW1 When: 1918 Where: Washington, DC Why: president Wilson's plan to end WW1. His 14th point was the only one used in the treaty of Versailles
9
Q
Treaty of Versailles
A
Who: Big four and Germany What: treaty ending WW1 When: 1919 Where: France Why: while it officially ended WW1 it planted the seeds for WW2
10
Q
Pan-Africanism
A
Who: Marcus Garvey
What: idea to help Africa improve socially and economically
When: Early 1900s
Where: Africa and Europe
Why: planted the seeds for separatism in the US
11
Q
Henry Ford
A
Who: Business man What: Assembly Line When: Early1900s Where: Detroit Why: made car production faster and made cars more affordable
12
Q
J.P. Kennedy
A
Who: Business man
What: started the Kennedy dynasty When: Early 1900s
Where: New York
Why: made fortune in banking, bootlegging, stock speculation and Hollywood
13
Q
Stock Speculation
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Who: Wall Street What: manipulation of the stock market When: Early 1900s Where: New York Why: led to Black Tuesday(worst crash in the history of the stock market) marking the beginning of the Great Depression
14
Q
Flappers
A
Who: Women of the 1920s What: new fad When: 1920s Where: Urban US Why: new fad in which women became more liberal as to their personal appearance and life style. (Smoking, drinking, short hair, and skirts)
15
Q
Celebrities of the 20s
A
Who: Charles Lindbergh, Charlie Chaplin, and Gloria Swanson
What: people who excelled in the 1920s
When: 1920s
Where: Mostly Hollywood and New York
Why: became idols first celebrities instead of politicians
16
Q
“Lost Generation”
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Who: young people of the 20s What: disillusionment with the youth When: 1920s Where: Urban US Why: led authors to write about the disillusionment with increasing shallowness of Americas younger generations
17
Q
Harlem Renaissance
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Who: African Americans What: emerges of black culture When: 1920s Where: Harlem, NY Why: Harlem emerges as a symbol of black urban culture and is embraced by white scooter for the 1st time
18
Q
National Origins Act
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Who: congress What: immigration quotas When: 1924 Where: Washington Why: froze ethnic diversity by limiting the number of immigrants allowed into US
19
Q
Teapot Dome
A
Who: President Harding What: scandal When: 1923-1924 Where: Wy Why: his interior secretary was allowing a private company to steal oil from a federal reserve
20
Q
Nine-Powers Treaty
A
Who: Senate What: agreement passed by US senate When: 1922 Where: Washington, DC Why: recognized China's independence
21
Q
Kellogg-Braind Pact
A
Who: US, Germany, Japan, France, and GB What: peace or anti-war agreement When: 1928 Where: Washington DC Why: Renounced war as a mean to settle disputes ( all five were major protagonist of WW2)
22
Q
Dawes Plan
A
Who: Germany and US What: Loan $2.5 million to Germany When: 1924 Where: Washington, DC Why: bailed Germany out
23
Q
“Black Tuesday”
A
Who: Wall Street What: Stock Market Crashed When: October 29,1929 Where: New York Why: worst one day crashed in the history of the stock market. It is seen as the beginning of the Great Depression
24
Herbert Hoover
Who: 31st President
What: President during the beginning of the Great Depression
When: 1929-1933
Where: Washington, DC
Why: blamed for the Great Depression and not doing enough to stop it; also responsible for the Bonus Army incident
25
"Trickle-Down Economics"
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Who: president Hoover
What:economic theory
When: 1932-1933
Where: Washington DC
Why: the idea of giving tax breaks to the wealthy in order for them to invest the extra money and crate more jobs. Did not work because it wasn't given enough time
```
26
Hawley-Smoot Traiff
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Who: Congress
What: high tax of imports
When: 1930
Where: Washington, DC
Why: the hope was of making imports more expensive, Americans would buy national products and help the economy. The problem was that people didn't have money to buy anything
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27
Bonus Army
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Who: WW1 Veterans (and families)
What: 1st march on Washington DC
When: 1932
Where: Washington, DC
Why: Public over the death of 100 adults and 2 infants by the hand of the army secured Hoovers loss in the presidential election of 1932
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28
Scopes Monkey Trial
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Who: Bryan vs Darrow
What: creationism vs. evolution
When: 1925
Where: Tennessee
Why: 1st challenge of religion in schools. Clash between modernism and traditionalism
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29
New Deal
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Who: FDR
What: Campaign Slogan
When: 1932-1933
Where: Washington, DC
Why: became FDR's name of his various programs to help the economy during the depression
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30
Franklin Roosevelt
Who: 32nd US President
What: US President during most of the Great Depression
When: 1933-1945
Where: Washington, DC
Why: Only US President to have been elected 4 times serving 3 full terms. Kept the US economy afloat
31
Eleanor Roosevelt
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Who: First Lady
What: 1st political active 1st lady
When:1933-1945
Where: Washington, DC
Why: FDR's most valuable political asset
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32
First Hundred Days
Who: FDR
What: Programs to slow down the Great Depression
When: 1933
Where: Washington, DC
Why: the focus was on recovery, relief and reform
33
Keynesian Economics
Who: John M. Keynes
What: government intervention in the market
When: 1933-1941
Where: Washington, DC
Why: believed in the need for deficit spending to jump-start the economy
34
Frances Perkins
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Who: politician
What: secretary of labor
When: 1933
Where: Washington, DC
Why: first women appointed to an executive cabinet position
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35
Black Cabinet
Who: Mary McLeod Bethune
What: advised the president about the African American issues and struggles during the depression
When:1933
Where: Washington, DC
Why: 1st African American federal appointee since 1797
36
Alphabet Soup Programs(i.e. AAA; CCC; WPA; TVA; etc.)
Who: congress
What: program to help the Tennessee valley,
When:1933
Where: Washington, DC
Why: was able to provide Tennessee with electricity
37
Huey Long
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Who: senator
What: opposed FDR
When: 1935-
Where: Washington, DC
Why: liberal opposition to FDR's policies
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38
"Second Hundred Days"
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Who:FDR
What: FDR's plan during the GD
When: 1937
Where:Washington, DC
Why: second plan that focus more in people than in individual industries
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39
Popular Movies of the 1930s
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Who: Frankenstein, Marx brothers, gone with the wind, Shirley temple, and wizard of oz
What: golden age of Hollywood
When: 1930s
Where: Hollywood
Why: relief for people during hard times
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40
Superman
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Who: action comics
What: the birth of the superhero
When: 1938
Where: New York
Why: represents the idea that society needs protecting because the system had failed
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41
Orson Welles
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Who: radio broadcaster
What: broadcast of war of the worlds
When: 1938
Where: New York
Why: scared Americans when they believed aliens were landing in New Jersey.. Showed the power of the radio
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42
Neutrality Acts 1935
Who: Congress
What: proclamation of neutrality( staying out of the war)
When: 1935
Where: Washington, DC
Why: calls for isolationist ideals of the nation. Supported by political notables(ford, Lindbergh, coughlin)
43
Neutrality Act of 1939
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Who: Congress
What: allows aid to allies
When: 1939
Where: Washington. DC
Why: allows the US to aid allies through "Cash and Carry" policy where allies would need to get supplies but needed to pay cash and carry them themselves
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44
Neutrality Act of 1939
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Who: Congress
What: allows aid to allies
When: 1939
Where: Washington. DC
Why: allows the US to aid allies through "Cash and Carry" policy where allies would need to get supplies but needed to pay cash.
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45
Jesse Owens
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Who: Track and field athlete
What: 4 gold medals in track and field
When: 1936
Where: Berlin,Germany
Why: 'Master Race' humiliated in world stage
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46
"Cash and Carry"
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Who: FDR
What: policy to aid the allies
When: 1939
Where: Washington, DC
Why: it allowed the US to aid the allies if they could pay cash and carry goods being sold to them
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47
Double V Campaign
Who: FDR and A. Phillip Randolph
What: victory abroad against fascism and Victory at home against racism.
When: 1940
Where: Washington, DC
Why: civil rights march on DC was cancelled to show a unified front to America
48
Lend-Lease Act
Who: FDR and Churchill
What: agreement to allow the US to aid Great Britain during WW2
When: 1941
Where: Washington, DC
Why: the us will lend weapons, mostly destroyers (ships) to Great Britain and in return, Great Britain will allow the US to build military bases in British colonies rent-free for 99 years
49
Captain America
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Who: Jewish- Americans
What: origins of American superhero
When: 1940
Where: New York
Why: early example of Pro-war sentiment and propaganda
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50
Pearl Harbor
Who: Americans and Japanese What: surprise attack by Japanese on military base.
When: December 7,1941
Where: Hawaii
Why: the surprise attack involved the US IN WORLD WAR 2 and marked the end of the Great Depression
51
Dorie Miller
Who: Navy Cook, third class
What: shot down Japanese plan during the attack of Pearl Harbor
When: 1941
Where: Pearl Harbor
Why: awarded the navy cross for Pearl Harbor and had a shop named after him(USS MILLER). Again, proved the value of African American soldiers
52
Douglas MacArthur
Who: US General
What: commander of US troops in the pacific against the Japanese When: 1941-1945
Where: pacific
Why: 1st commander to see action in WW2 in the pacific, excellent leader and feared by the Japanese
53
Executive Order 9066
Who: FDR
What: most controversial order by a US president
When: 1942
Where: Washington, DC
Why: establish interment camps for Japanese-Americans( nissei)
Or Japanese immigrants (issei); they were seen as Japanese spies.
54
Doolittle's Raid
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Who: MG James Doolittle
What: air raids on Tokyo,Japan
When: 1942
Where: Tokyo,Japan
Why: proved how far Americans were wiling to go to win the war
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55
Tuskegee Airmen
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Who: 332nd Air Group
What: african-american pilots
When: 1942
Where: Tuskegee Alabama
Why: only group not to have a bomber shot down during WW2. Among the first educated African Americans and proved the value of African Americans in the military
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56
Rosie the Riveter
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Who: women during WW2
What: a cultural symbol
When: 1941-1945
Where: urban/ industrial US
Why: represented the women who worked in factories during WW2. Many of who produced war supplies. They were riveters, welder and machinists
```
57
Executive Order 8802
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Who: US president FDR
What: anti- discrimination law
When: 1942
Where: Washington, DC
Why: it allowed continuity in the work force, by warning companies not to discriminated against African Americans or they could lost their government contract
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58
SHAEF
Who: United States and Great Britain
What: US and Great Britain combined forces
When: 1943
Where: Casa Blanca, Morocco
Why: under the command of DD
EISENHOWER, joined forces eventually defeated the Germans in North Africa, allowing for an invasion of Italy.
59
George S. Patton
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Who: US general
What:
When: 1943
Where: Europe
Why:
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60
Tehran Conference
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Who: Big Three
What:
When: 1944
Where: Iran
Why:
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61
D-Day
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Who: US and Ally troops
What:
When: 1944
Where:
Why:
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62
G.I. Bill
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Who: Congress
What: Serviceman's readjustment act
When: 1944
Where: Washington, DC
Why:helped with the growth of the middle class in the baby boom generation in the 1950s
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63
Bretton Woods Accords
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Who: 45 Governments
What: plan to help countries after WW2
When: 1944
Where: NH, USA
Why: agreement to rebuild the world economy after WW2. Established the world bank, GATT, and IMF
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64
Yalta Conference
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Who: FDR, Stalin, and Churchill
What: post WW2 agreement
When: 1945
Where: Yalta, Ukraine
Why: the big three agreed on division of the world after WW2. USSR agreed to help the pacific 90 days after Nazi surrender and established the untied nations
```
65
Harry Truman
Who: 33rd President of the US
What: Led the US at the end of the WW2 after FDR's death
When: 1945
Where: Washington, DC
Why: most controversial decision by a US president when he chose to use atomic bomb over Japan instead of invasion
66
Los Alamos
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Who: President Truman
What: 1st Atomic Detonation
When: 1945
Where: Los Alamos, NM
Why: led to surrender of Japan, prevented the involvement of USSR in the pacific and led to atomic era
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67
Hiroshima
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Who: President Truman
What: 2nd Atomic Detonation
When: 1945
Where: Hiroshima
Why: led to surrender of Japan, prevented the involvement of USSR in the pacific and led to atomic era
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68
Nagasaki
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Who: President Truman
What: 3rd Atomic Detonation
When: 1945
Where: Nagasaki
Why: led to surrender of Japan, prevented the involvement of USSR in the pacific and led to atomic era
```
