IELTS Vocab - U8 Flashcards
a circle of very large stones built in ancient times in southern England
noun
…, a prehistoric monument, was built more than 5,000 years ago.
Stonehenge
/ˌstoʊnˈhendʒ/
coming or likely to happen very soon
adjective, C2
For a man in …danger of losing his job, he appeared quite unruffled.
Her remarks were intended to scotch rumours of an …election date.
He announced the …arrival of a messianic leader.
He gave a dire warning that an earthquake was ….
He warned that an enemy missile attack was ….
imminent
/ˈɪm.ə.nənt/
before a particular time, or before doing a particular thing
IDIOM, B1
If you’re going to come, please let me know … … .
Did you check … … whether the venue was wheelchair-accessible?
Most holiday companies request a 20 percent deposit … … .
in advance
at an earlier time
before: I was sure I’d seen her face before.
beforehand: He knew beforehand that his speech would anger many people.
previously: She has previously denied the accusations.
in advance: You should prepare your ingredients in advance.
ahead of time: US Try to arrive at the airport ahead of time to minimize the possibility of delays.
before the present time or in the past
adverb, FORMAL, B2
…, he had gone regularly to Europe, but now he seldom traveled.
formerly
/ˈfɔr·mər·li/
happening one after another
She had her first three children …rapid ….
This is the seventh year … … that they’ve won the tournament.
in succession
/səkˈseʃ.ən/
a number of similar events or people that happen, exist, etc. after each other
noun
A …of scandals and revelations has undermined the government over the past year.
Life was just an endless …of parties and dinners.
succession
/səkˈseʃ.ən/
existing or happening before someone or something
adjective
The paintings are a development of ideas she explored in the …decade.
In conclusion, I hope the …arguments have convinced you of the need for action.
preceding
/priːˈsiː.dɪŋ/
before the present time or the time referred to
adverb
She was …employed as a tour guide.
I had posted the card two months ….
previously
/ˈpriː.vi.əs.li/
before a particular time or event
phrase, C1
the weeks … … her death
I was trying to finish up my work … … the trip.
He has to send his film scripts for government approval … … shooting.
He lived in Boston … … his arrest.
You should talk to a doctor … … undertaking any strenuous exercise regime.
prior to something
/praɪr/
after something else
adverb, C1
In 1982 he was arrested and …convicted on drug trafficking charges.
He was badly injured in the crash and …died.
subsequently
/ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt.li/
to stop keeping a record of something, or stop being certain that you know or remember what has happened
PHRASE
I have … … … the number of times you have been late this month.
So many customers came in that I … … after an hour.
lose track (of sth)
/træk/
A …-…task takes a lot of time to do
adjective, C1
Producing a dictionary is a very …-…job.
time-consuming
/ˈtaɪm.kənˌsuː.mɪŋ/
said to mean that you can spend as much time as you need in doing something, or that you should slow down
He …his …before answering the question.
take your time
early enough
PHRASE
I got home just … …- it’s starting to rain.
If we don’t hurry up, we won’t be … …to catch the train.
We got there … plenty of …(= we arrived early) for the beginning of the game.
in time
happening or done at the particular moment that it was expected to happen or be done
My parents go to the house … … … .
(right/dead/bang) on time
a book in which you record your thoughts or feelings or what has happened each day
noun
While in hiding, Anne Frank kept a … .
diary
/ˈdaɪr.i/
to be going somewhere very quickly, usually because you are late
be in a tearing hurry
An …clock or watch shows the time using numbers around the edge and hands that point to the numbers
You can choose to have the time display as an …or digital clock.
She still uses an old-fashioned …alarm clock.
analogue
/ˈæn.ə.lɑːɡ/
to reduce the difficulties or changes in a process or situation
By investing small amounts regularly, you can … … the effects of sudden rises and falls in the stock market.
smooth something out
/smuːð/
to think about something that happened in the past
When I … … I can see where we went wrong.
It wasn’t such a bad experience when I … … on it.
look back
lʊk
the present time, in which large amounts of information are available because of developments in computer technology
noun
In today’s … …, peer-to-peer opinion-shaping is becoming increasingly important.
The dawn of the … … has inspired many new technologies and advancements in communication.
information age
/ɪn.fɚˈmeɪ.ʃən ˌeɪdʒ/
the present time, in which many things are done by computer and large amounts of information are available because of computer
noun
New business models have emerged in the … ….
We are in a … … and the movie industry needs to catch up.
technology
digital age
/ˈdɪdʒ.ə.t̬əl ˌeɪdʒ/
to go back into the past
Visiting her house was like … … … …/stepping back 50 years.
step back (in time)
a feeling of pleasure and also slight sadness when you think about things that happened in the past
noun, C2
Some people feel … for their schooldays.
Hearing that song again filled him with ….
a wave (= sudden strong feeling) of …
nostalgia
nɑːˈstæl.dʒə
feeling happy and also slightly sad when you think about things that happened in the past
adjective, C2
Talking about our old family holidays has made me feel all … .
We’ll take a … look at the musical hits of the 60s.
nostalgic
nɑːˈstæl.dʒɪk
following the order in which a series of events happened
adjective
Give me the dates in … order.
chronological
ˌkrɒn.əˈlɑː.dʒɪ.kəl
…events, numbers, etc. follow one after another without an interruption
adjective, C2
This is the fifth … weekend that I’ve spent working.
consecutive
kənˈsek.jə.t̬ɪv
a period between two events or times, or the space between two points
noun, C2
We see each other at regular … - usually about once a month.
interval
ˈɪn.t̬ɚ.vəl
any stage in a series of events or in a process of development
noun, B2
The project is only in its initial … as yet, but it’s looking quite promising.
We’re entering a new … in international relations.
phase
feɪz
a short remark or written statement
noun, B2
The story didn’t even get a … in the newspaper.
When I ordered the catalogue, there was no … of any payment.
mention
ˈmen.ʃən
someone who writes about or studies history
noun, C1
Her father was an eminent ….
This is the acclaimed … John Taylor’s first sortie into fiction.
Some … think that history repeats itself.
The archive is a goldmine for ….
The book was written by an amateur local ….
historian
hɪˈstɔːr.i.ən
to have existed or happened before another thing
verb
These cave paintings … any others which are known.
predate
ˌpriːˈdeɪt
a period of time of which particular events or stages of development are typical
noun, B2
the Jefferson …
a bygone (= past) …
the post-war …
They had worked for peace during the long … of conflict.
The fall of the Berlin wall marked the end of an … .
era
ˈɪr.ə
the act of removing earth that is covering very old objects buried in the ground in order to discover things about the past
noun
Three skulls and one full skeleton were discovered during the … of an Egyptian tomb.
She has taken part in several … of Roman settlements across Europe.
excavation
ˌeks.kəˈveɪ.ʃən
connected with astronomy
adjective
the Royal … Society
… observations/instruments
astronomical
/ˌæs.trəˈnɑː.mɪ.kəl
the scientific study of the universe and of objects that exist naturally in space, such as the moon, the sun, planets, and stars
noun, C2
astronomy
əˈstrɑː.nə.mi
a period of 1,000 years, or the time when a period of 1,000 years ends
noun, C2
The corpse had lain preserved in the soil for almost two millennia.
millennium
mɪˈlen.i.əm
plural millennia or millenniums
to rub or be rubbed away gradually
verb, C2
Wind and rain have … the statues into shapeless lumps of stone.
The cliffs are … several feet a year.
erode
ɪˈroʊd
