ignore - Optional tutorial Quizzes Flashcards
When B cell receptors encounter antigen the B cell will transform into plasma cells in a process called:
a. Clonal expansion
b. More than one of the above
c. Differentiation
d. Cellular division
e. Meiosis
c
Which of the following factors affects the melting temperature of double-stranded DNA?
a. Base pair sequence
b. More than one of these responses is correct
c. Species of origin
d. Sample temperature
e. U-A base pair content
a
Heavy chains and Light chains are different in that:
a. Heavy chain genes undergo chromosomal rearrangements
b. They are different colours
c. There are no distinguishing features between the heavy and light chains
d. Light chains have a variable domain
e. Heavy chains have more than one constant domains
e
Which of the following best describes a ‘probe’ as used in molecular hybridization techniques?
a. A labeled protein that binds to DNA or RNA of interest in order to visualize it
b. A labeling molecule (ex. Fluorophore) that is used to visualize the DNA or RNA to which it is bound
c. The specific location of DNA or RNA within the living or fixed cells
d. A double-stranded DNA or RNA molecule under analysis
e. A short single-stranded labeled DNA or RNA molecule used to detect it’s complementary sequence within a mixture of DNA or RNA
e
Which of the following dsDNA fragments would have the highest melting temperature?
a. 5’ ATTGCCATTGCCTAACGG 3’
3’ TAACGGTAACGGATTGCC 5’
b. 5’ ATTGCC 3’
3’ TAACGG 5’
c. 5’ ATTGCCATTGCC 3’
3’ TAACGGTAACGG 5’
d. 5’ ATTGCCATTGCCTAACGGTAACGG 3’
3’ TAACGGTAACGGATTGCCATTGCC 5’
d
You wish to visualize the location of a particular protein in fixed cells, what is one method you could use to do this?
a. Immunoprecipitation
b. Western Blot
c. Immunofluorescence
d. Southern Blot
e. Fluorescence in situ hybridization
c
Which of the following dsDNA fragments would have the highest melting temperature?
a. 5’ ATTGCTGCCGTA 3’
3’ TAACGACGGCAT 3’
b. 5’ GACGCAGCAGTA 3’
3’ CTGCGTCGTCAT 5’
c. 5’ TGCTCGTAGAGT 3’
3’ ACGAGCATCTCA 5’
d. 5’ ATGTGCGTACAT 3’
3’ TACACGCATGTA 5’
b
If the gene for the goat IgM heavy chain variable domain has 101 V, 40 D and 8 J segments and the gene encoding the variable domain of the Lamda light chain variable region has 93 V and 8 J segments, how many possible combinations are there for the goat IgM/Lamda immunoglobulin molecule?
240, 460, 80
Imagine you are using Southern Blot analysis to test a family of four individuals for the presence of the autosomal recessive mutation causing Cystic Fibrosis; known as ΔF508. Samples are collected from each individual. DNA is isolated and fragmented. These prepared samples are run side by side on an electrophoresis gel. Your gel will have four lanes with each lane representing a different family member as follows: i. Father, ii. Mother, iii. Son, iv. Daughter. You transfer onto a nitrocellulose membrane and incubate with ΔF508 probe. Which of the following depicts the expected results if the Mother and both children are carriers while the Father is homozygous for the wildtype allele?
C
Imagine now you are using Southern Blot analysis to test a family of four individuals for the presence of two autosomal recessive mutations capable of causing Cystic Fibrosis; known as ΔF508 and ΔI506. In this case, the prepared samples are all run on two gels as follows Gel 1: i. Father, ii. Mother, iii. Son, iv Daughter; and Gel 2: i. Father, ii. Mother, iii. Son, iv Daughter. You transfer the gels onto two nitrocellulose membranes and incubate membrane 1 with ΔF508 probe and membrane 2 with ΔI506 probe. Which of the following depicts the expected results if this family has the following genotypes:
i. Father: Carrier ΔI506
ii. Mother: Carrier ΔF508
iii. Son: ΔI506 carrier
iv. Daughter: Affected, heterozygous ΔF5068/ΔI506
D
Describe immunofluorescence
a technique used to locate a protein in a cell using fluorescently labeled antibodies
Which of the following is an appropriate description of the Annealing step in PCR?
a. The forward and reverse primers anneal forming a dsDNA fragment.
b. The two strands of the double stranded DNA template separate.
c. Single nucleotides are annealed to the elongating DNA strand.
d. The two complimentary strands of DNA anneal forming one double stranded molecule.
e. The forward and reverse primers bind or hybridize to the template strands.
e
What is an appropriate description of the Denaturation step in PCR?
a. The hydrogen bonds between the two strands of the double stranded target DNA are broken and the strands separate.
b. The tertiary (nucleosomes) structure of the target DNA molecule is denatured forming a linear DNA molecule.
c. The quaternary (30 nm fiber) structure of the target DNA molecule is denatured forming a linear DNA molecule.
d. The hydrogen bonds between the primers and the templates strands break and the primers are released.
e. None of these responses is correct
a
In PCR the reverse primer anneals to the i) ________ strand and has the same sequence as the ii) ________ strand.
a. i) template; ii) complementary
b. i) top; ii) bottom
c. i) complementary; ii) template
d. i) bottom; ii) top
b
Which of the following reagents are required for a PCR reaction? Select all that apply.
a. Reverse Transcriptase
b. Taq DNA polymerase
c. ddNTPS
d. dNTPS
e. Template DNA
f. DNA Primers
b, d, e, f
Read the autoradiogram below and enter the sequence of the first 10 nucleotides of the template strand. Use only single uppercase letters to represent each nucleotide, no spaces. Check your work thoroughly before saving as one incorrect nucleotide will result in a zero on this question (write only the nucleotides, 5’ -> 3’ is convention and thus assumed).
GCATGATGCG
The chromatogram below was produced via Sanger Sequencing with fluorescent labeled ddNTPs. Read the chromatogram and write out the sequence of the template strand in the space provided. Use only single uppercase letters to represent each nucleotide, no spaces. Check your work thoroughly before saving as one incorrect nucleotide will result in a zero on this question (write only the nucleotides, 5’ -> 3’ is convention and thus assumed). For those with a visual impairment, the peak colours from left to right are: green, black, black, green, red, red, black, black, blue, red, blue, blue.
GGAGCCAATCCT
