IH sedation M11

Question 1

What reasons would inhalation sedation not be successful?

Answer 1

If the patient has cold or can not breath properly on the day.

Question 2

What is the minimum amount of oxygen a patient will receive at all times during IH sedation?

Answer 2

30%

Question 3

What is the maximum amount of Nitrous oxide a patient will receive at one time?

Answer 3

70%

Question 4

Can the depth of sedation be controlled during IH sedation?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

How long does it take for the patient to feel the initial effect of nitrous oxide?

Answer 5

after 20 seconds

Question 6

How long does it take for the patient to feel the full effect of nitrous oxide?

Answer 6

3-5 minutes

Question 7

Does nitrous oxide provide some analgesia effect?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Nitrous oxide is delivered to the patient via which method?

Answer 8

Via nasal mask, which is inhaled through the respiratory system

Question 9

Where does the nitrous oxide is inhaled, where does it travel to?

Answer 9

Alveoli sacs within the lungs

Question 10

What takes place when the nitrous oxide arrives in the lungs?

Answer 10

Gaseous exchange

Question 11

What is gaseous exchange?

Answer 11

Oxygen moving into the blood and carbon dioxide moves into the lungs

Question 12

When Nitrous oxide is introduced to the body, how does it get into the blood?

Answer 12

It diffuses through the alveolar membrane into the blood

Question 13

How is nitrous oxide eliminated by the body?

Answer 13

99% exhalation straight away & 1% through through skin and lungs over the next 24 hours

Question 14

Why are patients given 100% oxygen at the end of IH treatment?

Answer 14

to prevent diffusion hypoxia

Question 15

How long is 100% oxygen given to a patient at the end of treatment

Answer 15

3-5 minutes

Question 16

What is second gas effect?

Answer 16

When nitrous oxide stops it is eliminated from the body very quickly. The level of carbon dioxide in the blood is greatly reduced.
A breath is taken to expel the rising level of carbon dioxide, if this level is reduced the patient will not be able to breath.

Question 17

When the RA machine is turned off, nitrous oxide in the blood will enter the lungs very quickly in large amounts, what does this do to the oxygen levels in the lungs and what could happen?

Answer 17

Dilutes the oxygen in lungs and can cause hypoxia, headaches and nausea

Question 18

What is stage 1 in anaesthesia?

Answer 18

The induction stage
The time between first administration and loss of consciousness

Question 19

What is stage 1 plane 1 in IH sedation?

Answer 19

Moderate sedation & analgesia

Question 20

How much nitrous oxide is administered in stage 1 plane 1 in IH sedation?

Answer 20

5%-25%

Question 21

What is stage 1 plane 2 in IH sedation?

Answer 21

Disassociation sedation & analgesia

Question 22

How much nitrous oxide is administered in stage 1 plane 2 in IH sedation?

Answer 22

20%-55%

Question 23

What is stage 1 plan 3 in IH sedation?

Answer 23

Total amnesia

Question 24

How much nitrous oxide is administered in stage 1 plane 3 in IH sedation?

Answer 24

50%-70%

Question 25

If the patient is unable to keep their mouth open during treatment, how much would the nitrous oxide be reduced?

Answer 25

10%

Question 26

When the oxygen is set at 100% where will the mental ball on the oxygen flow meter be at?

Answer 26

8L/min

Question 27

When the oxygen is at 50% and the nitrous oxide is at 50% where will the metal ball in the oxygen flow meter be at?

Answer 27

4L/min

Question 28

If the delivery of oxygen were to stop, what would happen to the nitrous oxide flow.

Answer 28

It will automatically be cut off, by the nitrous oxide cut-off valve.

Question 29

If the patient received pure nitrous oxide, what would happen?

Answer 29

could result in patient death

Question 30

What does the scavenging system do?

Answer 30

Allows the nitrous oxide in the atmosphere to be removed

Question 31

What does the air entrainment valve do?

Answer 31

Allow the patient to breath the atmospheric area if both gases shut off

Question 32

What does the reservoir bag allow the dentist/nurse to do?

Answer 32

monitor respiration of the patient

Question 33

How does the IH machine ensure the patient does not enter stage 2 of anaesthesia?

Answer 33

by providing 30% oxygen at all times and a maximum of 70% nitrous oxide

Question 34

If you pressed the 'flush' button, what would happen ?

Answer 34

extra oxygen would be provided

Question 35

How many oxygen cylinders and nitrous oxide cylinders should be present at all times, and how are these labelled?

Answer 35

x4 x2 oxygen / x2 nitrous oxide Labelled in use & full

Question 36

What colour is the oxygen cylinder?

Answer 36

Black with a white collar & white pipe

Question 37

What colour is the nitrous oxide cylinder?

Answer 37

Blue & blue pipe

Question 38

What is the Bodok seal?

Answer 38

it provides a seal between the cylinder and machine to prevent leakage

Question 39

If you tap the gas cylinder and it has a duller sound, what does this mean?

Answer 39

less gas it contains

Question 40

'E' cylinders have what safety feature?

Answer 40

unique pin indexing, which makes it impossible for the wrong cylinder to be connected

Question 41

What is the oxygen flow rate for an adult?

Answer 41

8L/min

Question 42

What is the oxygen flow rate for a child?

Answer 42

6L/min

Question 43

Once the patient is settled, what mixture of gases is given to the patient?

Answer 43

85% oxygen & 15% nitrous oxide

Question 44

When increments of nitrous oxide are given to the patient

Answer 44

5% at a time, until 30%

Question 45

How long does the patient need to stay after IH sedation?

Answer 45

20-30 minutes

Question 46

What is the pressure of an oxygen cyclinder?

Answer 46

2000psi

Question 47

When was nitrous oxide produced?

Answer 47

1772

Question 48

When did it begin to be used in medical professions?

Answer 48

1844

Question 49

What is the pressure of a nitrous oxide cylinder?

Answer 49

800psi

Question 50

What is WELS?

Answer 50

Workplace Exposure Limits

Question 51

Who sets WELS?

Answer 51

The health and safety commission

Question 52

The long-term exposure to nitrous oxide is weighted at what?

Answer 52

100ppm over an 8-hour period in any 24 hours

Question 53

What control measures should be in place when working with nitrous oxide?

Answer 53

Staff notation Nasal mask correctly fitted High volume aspiration Rubber dam