ILS/ALS (paeds and adult)

Question 1

Spontaneous tidal volume

Answer 1

4-6ml/kg. Constantly through life.

Question 2

Normal RR < 1

Answer 2

30-40

Question 3

Normal RR 1-2

Answer 3

26-34

Question 4

Normal RR 2-5

Answer 4

24-30

Question 5

Normal RR 5-12

Answer 5

20-24

Question 6

Newborn circulating volume

Answer 6

80ml/kg

Question 7

Adult circulating volume

Answer 7

60-70ml/kg

Question 8

Stroke volume at birth

Answer 8

1.5ml/kg

Question 9

Cardiac output at birth

Answer 9

300ml/kg/min

Question 10

Cardiac output in adolescents

Answer 10

100ml/kg/min

Question 11

Cardiac output in adults

Answer 11

70-80ml/kg

Question 12

Cardiac output formula

Answer 12

CO = HR x SV

Question 13

Normal HR newborn to 3 months

Answer 13

85-205 awake, 80-140 asleep

Question 14

Normal HR 3 months - 2 years

Answer 14

100-180 awake, 75-160 asleep

Question 15

Normal HR 2-10 years

Answer 15

60-140 awake, 60-90 asleep

Question 16

MAP formula

Answer 16

MAP = CO x SVR
MAP = ((2 x diastolic) + systolic)/3

Question 17

MAP for 1 year old

Answer 17

50th centile 70mmHg, 5th centile 50mmHg

Question 18

MAP for 5 and 10 year old

Answer 18

50th centile 75mmHg, 5th centile 55mmHg

Question 19

MAP 15 year old

Answer 19

50th centile 80mmHg, 5th centile 65mmHg

Question 20

MAP for 1 month old

Answer 20

50th centile 55mmHg, 5th centile 40mmHg

Question 21

Weight estimation for children

Answer 21

Weight (kg) = (age in years + 4) x 2

For obese patients use Ideal Body Weight
Never exceed adult doses

Question 22

Normal PaO2 and PaCO2

Answer 22

PaO2 > 9kPa (SpO2 > 90%)
PaCO2 < 6.5kPa

Question 23

Five types of shock

Answer 23

Hypovolaemic
Distributive
Cardiogenic
Obstructive
Dissociative

Question 24

Adequate urine output

Answer 24

> 2ml/kg/hr in infants
1ml/kg/hr in children over 1 year
Six or more wet nappies a day

Question 25

Fluid challenge in children

Answer 25

10ml/kg balanced isotonic crystalloid

Question 26

Cushing's triad

Answer 26

Raised ICP causes: Abnormal breathing pattern Bradycardia Hypertension

Question 27

Maximum airway suction pressure in infants

Answer 27

120mmHg

Question 28

Contraindications to NPA

Answer 28

Suspected nasal skull fracture Coagulopathy

Question 29

Oxygen flow delivery in HFNC

Answer 29

2L/kg/min up to 12kg Add 0.5L/kg/min per extra kg Maximum 50L/min

Question 30

4 Hs and 4 Ts

Answer 30

Hypoxia Hypovolaemia Hypo/Hyperkalaemia Hypothermia Toxins Thrombosis Tamponade Tension pneumothorax