Imbalance of Nutrient Intake and the LIFE CYCLE

Question 1

Examples of over nutrition

Answer 1

• obesity
• cardiovascular disease
• hypertension
• type 2 diabetes

Question 2

Examples of under nutritoin

Answer 2

• anaemia
• osteoporosis
• diverticular disease

Question 3

Factors that affect overnutrition

Answer 3

• high saturated fat intake
• high cholesterol
• high salt consumption
• lack of exercise
• age

Question 4

what is blood cholesterol

Answer 4

a fat-like substance linked to the amount of saturated fat in the diet

Question 5

what are high density lipo-proteins

Answer 5

• good cholesterol

- can carry cholesterol away from arteries for disposal

Question 6

what are low density lipoproteins

Answer 6

• bad cholesterol

- builds up in arteries

Question 7

what is hypertension

Answer 7

when the heart must continually pump against increased pressure the arteries gradually become less elastic

Question 8

what is cardiovascular disease

Answer 8

when a plague ruptures and a blood clot forms over the ruptured area. results in blockage of blood flow

Question 9

what are some diet modifications to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease

Answer 9

• eat low fat foods
• cut back on butter and chocolate
• eat lean meat

Question 10

what are likely causes of hypertension

Answer 10

• high salt intake
• obesity
• cmoking
• high fat diet

Question 11

what is type 2 diabetes

Answer 11

the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or something stops the body from using insulin properly

Question 12

what does glucose do in the body

Answer 12

food breaks down into glucose which the body then uses for fuel

Question 13

what does glucose do in the body

Answer 13

food breaks down into glucose which the body then uses for fuel

Question 14

what does insulin do

Answer 14

helps to get the glucose from our blood into our cells

Question 15

what is a glycaemic index

Answer 15

how quickly glucose is absorbed
>10 considered low
<20 considered high

Question 16

IGNORE

Answer 16

multpilying the grams of carbohydrates by the the glyceamic index then dividing by 100

Question 17

list 2 low GI foods

Answer 17

• pasta
• cereals
• apples

Question 18

list 2 moderate GI foods

Answer 18

• popcorn
• bananas
• wholemeal bread

Question 19

list 2 high GI foods

Answer 19

• white bread
• white rice
• potatoes

Question 20

factors that determine an individuals psychological need for food

Answer 20

• age
• gender
• body size
• activity level

Question 21

what precautions should be taken during pregnancy to ensure adequate consumption of nutrients

Answer 21

• higher intake of protein required for growth of placenta, breasts and uterus
• micronutrients required in extra amounts
• nutrient intake increases with each trimester of pregnancy and again with lactating mothers

Question 22

what precautions should lactating mothers take

Answer 22

• increase protein and calcium intake

- increase intake of fruit and vegetables

Question 23

what does breastmilk protect babies from

Answer 23

protects against infection due to antibodies in the milk

Question 24

describe 3 characteristics of INFANCY (0-1 years)

Answer 24

1, fastest growing period of life cycle

2. should gradually increase solid foods after 6 months
3. after weaning baby requires extra iron and vitamin C

Question 25

describe 3 characteristics of CHILDHOOD (1-12 years)

Answer 25

1. energy needs are extremely high
2. low fat produce should not be used
3. protein, mineral and vitamin requirements increase with age

Question 26

describe 3 characteristics of ADOLESCENCE (13-17 years)

Answer 26

1. skeletal growth - increase calcium
2. males grow more than females
3. rapid growing period requiring high energy needs

Question 27

describe 3 characteristics of ADULTHOOD (18-65 years)

Answer 27

1. activity decreases
2. alcohol, caffeince, salt, sugar and cholesterol levels are all concerns
3. salt, alcohol and saturated fat intake should be reduced

Question 28

describe 3 characteristics of LATER YEARS (65+)

Answer 28

1. decline in body density
2. appetite diminishes
3. GI tract loses strength increasing constipation