Immobilization

Question 1

What is immobilization?

Answer 1

A method of applying restrictive measures to prevent patient/part movement

Question 2

What does immobilization and communication help to reduce?

Answer 2

Motion on radiographs

Question 3

What does the slightest movement cause on radiographs?

Answer 3

Blurring

Question 4

What is critical to effective immobilization?

Answer 4

Communication

Question 5

What exposure time should be used for immobilization?

Answer 5

Short exposure times

Question 6

What can be used to assist in immobilization?

Answer 6

Immobilization aids

Question 7

What must immobilization and restraint devices not interfere with?

Answer 7

A patient’s circulation or respiration

Question 8

What features should immobilization devices possess?

Answer 8

NAME?

Question 9

What are the two types of immobilization devices?

Answer 9

Simple and involved

Question 10

What do simple immobilization devices include?

Answer 10

Sandbags and sponges used to help a patient maintain a position

Question 11

What do involved immobilization devices include?

Answer 11

More complex devices such as spinal trauma boards that hold patients completely still

Question 12

What are types of immobilization devices?

Answer 12

NAME?

Question 13

What are some other types of immobilization devices?

Answer 13

NAME?

Question 14

What are routine applications of simple immobilization devices?

Answer 14

Sponges, sandbags, Velcro straps, plexiplate, compression bands and head clamps

Question 15

What are complex immobilization techniques?

Answer 15

NAME?

Question 16

When are immobilization devices applied during trauma applications?

Answer 16

Before the patient arrives at the radiology department

Question 17

What shouldn’t radiologist remove in trauma applications?

Answer 17

Should never remove immobilization devices that have been applied by EMTs

Question 18

When should be the only time immobilization devices should be removed?

Answer 18

Only after the radiologist has read the initial radiographs as negative and physician has approved

Question 19

How should immobilization devices be removed?

Answer 19

Slowly with the necessary assistance like sponges or padding to ensure patient comfort

Question 20

What qualities of trauma application immobilization devices should radiographers know about before imaging?

Answer 20

Which devices are radiolucent vs radiopaque

Question 21

Can radiographs be taken with radiopaque immobilization devices in place?

Answer 21

Yes it may be necessary to leave them on which will produce artifacts on the film

Question 22

What are immobilization devices used for spinal traumas?

Answer 22

Traction devices (backboards) and cervical collars

Question 23

How are AP spine views done with radiolucent backboards?

Answer 23

Done with the cassette placed under the backboard

Question 24

What is a backboard used for?

Answer 24

To keep the spine immobilized and support the body

Question 25

What are features of most backboards?

Answer 25

Made of radiolucent materials like wood or plastic

Question 26

What can backboards help facilitate?

Answer 26

Easy transfers of patients from the cart to the table

Question 27

What image view is completed to rule out a cervical spine fracture?

Answer 27

A cross-table lateral view of the cervical spine

Question 28

What are the next steps if a lateral view is questionable?

Answer 28

Additional views of the c-spine can be taken with the collar on

Question 29

When should a cervical collar be removed by a radiologist?

Answer 29

It should NEVER be removed before the radiologist has cleared the patient and R/O a spinal fracture

Question 30

What other situations are cervical collars used in?

Answer 30

During radiographic skull examinations

Question 31

How is movement affected by immobilization collars?

Answer 31

Movement of the patient is restricted and equipment must be moved instead

Question 32

What are ways equipment can be manipulated during head trauma exams?

Answer 32

Tube can be moved without turning the patient

Question 33

What may be evident with head traumas?

Answer 33

Bleeding from the nose or ears

Question 34

What devices may be present on extremity traumas?

Answer 34

Traction devices

Question 35

What are features of traction splints?

Answer 35

They are not always radiolucent

Question 36

What immobilization devices may be present in cases of abdominal trauma?

Answer 36

An anti-shock garment

Question 37

What are anti-shock garments used for?

Answer 37

To slow the rate of hemorrhage

Question 38

What are features of anti-shock garments?

Answer 38

Are always radiolucent

Question 39

How should restraints be applied to children?

Answer 39

Should be applied gently without threats and force

Question 40

What is mummification?

Answer 40

An effective, simple and inexpensive and reliable method of restraining or immobilizing an infant

Question 41

What does mummification consist of?

Answer 41

Gently wrapping the small child in a sheet which limits motion

Question 42

What age range should mummification be used in?

Answer 42

Children who are too young to understand cooperation

Question 43

What are commercial upright restraints?

Answer 43

Pig-o-stat and Pedia-poser

Question 44

What do upright commercial restraints allow?

Answer 44

Allow the child to be rotated 360 degrees in the upright position

Question 45

What are upright restraints useful for?

Answer 45

Useful for taking CXR and ABX in upright positions

Question 46

What are commercial restraint boards?

Answer 46

Circumcision boards, Brat boards and Octastop boards

Question 47

What do restraint boards allow for?

Answer 47

Allow for rotation of the child in the recumbent position

Question 48

Which type of radiographs can be obtained with restraint boards?

Answer 48

AP, Oblique and laterals

Question 49

What should be used with tape restraints?

Answer 49

Cloth between the sticky side of tape and skin

Question 50

What is a stockinette?

Answer 50

A stretchable cotton fabric int he shape of a sleeve that is pulled over an extremity before a cast is placed

Question 51

What are stockinettes good for in imaging?

Answer 51

Good for immobilizing upper limbs above and behind the child's head with tape