Immune Cells

Question 1

How do vaccines act as a medicine and alter cell functions ?

Answer 1

Vaccines can boost protective features of immune cell functions to prevent infections

Question 2

How do antihistamines act as a medicine and alter cell function?

Answer 2

Antihistamines can block harmful effects of incorrect immune cell functions that cause symptoms of allergies

Question 3

Signs of inflammation (5)

Answer 3

1. Heat
2. Redness
3. Pain
4. Swelling
5. Loss of function

Question 4

Function of macrophages (4)

Answer 4

1. Internalise (eat) pathogens
2. Kill pathogens
3. Process antigen
4. Repair wounds (healing)

Question 5

What happens when macrophages repair wounds too quickly ?

Answer 5

Can lead to scarring, such as during liver disease

Question 6

Role of natural killer cells

Answer 6

• Natural killer cells kill infected cells and tumour cells
• They are innate immune cells
  (carry dangerous weapons in granules)

Question 7

Functions of Neutrophils

Answer 7

-innate immune cells quickly internalise and kill pathogens
- release killer NET traps (neutrophil extracellular traps)
- cellular messaging

Question 8

Functions of eosinophil

Answer 8

• kill pathogens
• eosinophils are involved in allergic reactions and asthma

Question 9

Mast cells

Question 10

Dendritic cells

Answer 10

Professional antigen presenting cells

Question 11

T helper cell

Question 12

Cytotoxic T cell

Question 13

B cell