Immune Revision Flashcards
What is a pathogen?
A pathogen is a micro-organism capable of causing an infectious disease.
Examples of pathogens?
Viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular parasites.
How do we come in contact with pathogens?
Inhaled air, contaminated water, contaminated food, direct physical contact, animals, vectors and bodily fluids.
What innate immune response does the skin give?
intact skin prevents infection
What innate immune response does the eyes give?
tear glands secrete tears which contain antiseptic.
What innate immune response does the ears give?
Ear wax contains antiseptic.
What innate immune response does the stomach give?
Stomach acid kills of infections
What innate immune response does the respiratory tract give?
mucous and cillia trap and remove infection.
What innate immune response does the vagina give?
Acidic environment prevents infection.
What is phagocytes?
specialised white blood cells that travel to the site if inflammation and they prepare to digest the dead cells and any foreign bacteria.
Most common type of phagocyte?
-Neutrophils which patrol the blood stream.
- Monocytes (Macrophages) which are localised in organs.
the immune system recognises the ____ of a _____ in response it makes an antibody.
- antigen
- pathogen
antibodies have a _______ shape to the ______ and bind to them
- complementary
- antigen
after an infection is over some of the ______ become _______.
- white blood cells
2.memory cells
What do the memory cells remember?
they remember how to make the right antibody for a specific antigen
