Immune System

Question 1

what lines make up innate immunity

Answer 1

first and second line

Question 2

effects of histamine

Answer 2

vascular dilation and increased capillary permeability

Question 3

cell-mediated responders for adaptive immunity

Answer 3

cytotoxic T cells (CD8+), CD4+ (helper T’s/Th1), natural killer cells

Question 4

humoral responders for adaptive immunity

Answer 4

CD4+ (helper T’s/Th2), B cells

Question 5

APCs

Answer 5

dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes

Question 6

antibody responsible for long term immunity, can cross placenta, and most abundant

Answer 6

IgG

Question 7

antibody primarily found in GI, respiratory and GU tracts

Answer 7

IgA

Question 8

antibody that immediately responds to acute exposures

Answer 8

IgM

Question 9

antibody responsible for allergic response and parasitic infections

Answer 9

IgE

Question 10

clinical stages of infectious disease

Answer 10

incubation, prodromal, invasion, convalescence

Question 11

3 kinds of convalescence

Answer 11

recovery, death, latency

Question 12

capacity to cause disease depends on

Answer 12

communicability, immunogenicity (can it get immune response?), infectivity (ability to get in & multiply), mechanism of action, entry portal, pathogenicity, virulence, toxigencity

Question 13

disease type: TB

Answer 13

bacteria

Question 14

disease type: pneumonia

Answer 14

bacteria

Question 15

disease type: strep

Answer 15

bacteria

Question 16

disease type: pertussis

Answer 16

bacteria

Question 17

disease type: bubonic plague

Answer 17

bacteria

Question 18

disease type: cnadidiasis

Answer 18

fungi

Question 19

disease type: tinea pedis

Answer 19

fungi

Question 20

disease type: ringworm

Answer 20

fungi

Question 21

disease type: histoplamosis

Answer 21

fungi

Question 22

disease type: aspergillus

Answer 22

fungi

Question 23

disease type: HIV

Answer 23

virus

Question 24

disease type: influenza

Answer 24

virus

Question 25

disease type: herpes

Answer 25

virus

Question 26

disease type: hepatitis

Answer 26

virus

Question 27

disease type: common cold

Answer 27

virus

Question 28

disease type: measles

Answer 28

virus

Question 29

disease type: mumps

Answer 29

virus

Question 30

disease type: COVID-19

Answer 30

virus

Question 31

disease type: worms and bugs

Answer 31

helminthes/parasites

Question 32

disease type: amebic meningoencephalitis

Answer 32

protozoa

Question 33

disease type: malaria

Answer 33

protozoa

Question 34

disease type: trichomoniasis

Answer 34

protozoa

Question 35

disease type: toxoplasmosis

Answer 35

protozoa

Question 36

disease type: giardiasis

Answer 36

protozoa

Question 37

ways bacteria avoids immune system

Answer 37

rapid multiplication, protective and mimicking coating, inhibiting lysosome binding, inactivate digestion, and invading phagocytes to trigger explosion of cell

Question 38

Endotoxic shock

Answer 38

septic shock caused by endotoxins released from LPS in gram-negative bacteria resulting in multi-organ failure and death

Question 39

primary immune deficiency

Answer 39

genetically-linked, present early in life, mold ones unusual, severe ones very rare

Question 40

secondary immune deficiencies

Answer 40

more common and acquired from disease and nutritional deficiencies