Immune System

Question 1

What are the 4 blood tissue components?

Answer 1

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Question 2

What are the 3 cellular components of blood?

Answer 2

Erythrocytes (RBC), Leukocytes (WBC), Thrombocytes (Platelets)

Question 3

Where are they all made?

Answer 3

Bone marrow

Question 4

What is the role of Erythrocytes?

Answer 4

transports O2

Question 5

What is the role of Leukocytes?

Answer 5

destroy invading mircobes

Question 6

What is the role of Thrombocytes?

Answer 6

form a plug to stop bleeding (AKA a blood clot)

Question 7

What is a characteristic of Erythrocytes?

Answer 7

concaved on both sides

Question 8

What is a characteristic of Leukocytes?

Answer 8

round shape with a distinct center membrane (nucleus)

Question 9

What is a characteristic of Thrombocytes?

Answer 9

irregular shape

Question 10

What is on the top, middle and bottom of Hematocrit?

Answer 10

top: Plasma
middle: Buffy Coat
bottom: RBCs

Question 11

What is the process of blood clotting?

Answer 11

1.Damaged tissues initiates response
2.Release chemicals that attracts platelets
3.Thromboplastin
4.Activates Prothrombin → Thrombin
5.Activates Fibrinogen → Fibrin

Question 12

What are the blood factors ?

Answer 12

ABO (letter) and RH (pos/neg)

Question 13

What are Antigens?

Answer 13

protein embedded in rbc plasma membrane

Question 14

What are Antibodies?

Answer 14

chemicals produced by wbc in response to foreign antigens

Question 15

What is Agglutination?

Answer 15

clumping of rbc

Question 16

What are three disorders of the blood?

Answer 16

anemia, leukemia, hemophilia

Question 17

What is Anemia?

Answer 17

low levels of healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout your body

Question 18

What is Leukemia?

Answer 18

cancer of the body’s blood-forming tissues

Question 19

What is Hemophilia?

Answer 19

the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced

Question 20

What is the bodys first line of defense?

Answer 20

(non- specific barriers): skin, mucous, hairs and cilia, stomach acid and urine, ear wax, tears, sweat, saliva

Question 21

What is the bodys second line of defense?

Answer 21

(non- specific barriers): macrophages, inflammatory response

Question 22

What are Macrophages?

Answer 22

chemicals released by the wbc to increase to bodys temp which decreases pathogens survival

Question 23

What is Inflammation?

Answer 23

Swelling and redness due to increased blood flow to area

Question 24

What is the bodys third line of denfense?

Answer 24

(specific immune response. provides immunity): b cells, helper t cells, killer t cells, memory t cells, suppressor t cells

Question 25

What is the role of b cells?

Answer 25

produces antibodies

Question 26

What is the role of helper t cells?

Answer 26

identify the 'enemy'

Question 27

What is the role of killer t cells?

Answer 27

kill the host cell and the other invaders

Question 28

What is the role of memory t cells?

Answer 28

remember the antigens for that cell incase it comes back

Question 29

What is the role of suppressor t cells?

Answer 29

stop the bodys immune response when the invaders are killed

Question 30

What are the four pathways to achieve immunity?

Answer 30

Active natural active artifical natural passive artifical passive

Question 31

What is active immunity?

Answer 31

when the body needs to make the antibody

Question 32

What is passive immunity?

Answer 32

when the antibody has been given

Question 33

How do vaccines work?

Answer 33

Vaccines are a weakened strain of the microbe so it creates the antibodies to fight it so that your body has a better chance fighting the real illness

Question 34

What are the three disorders of the immune system?

Answer 34

Autoimmune disorder, AIDS/HIV, Allergies

Question 35

What are AIDS?

Answer 35

acquired immune deficiency disorder

Question 36

What is HIV?

Answer 36

body attacks its own cells specifically t cells

Question 37

What is autoimmune disorder?

Answer 37

Bodys immune response attack own body cells or substances

Question 38

What is Thrombosis?

Answer 38

blood clot

Question 39

What is Embolism?

Answer 39

A moving clot that moves in the blood until is obstructs a small vessel and block circulation?

Question 40

How are blood clots inhibited?

Answer 40

smooth lining of the vessels prevent paletes from bursting fibrin absorbs thrombin preventing spread of thrombin to other areas heparin (from wbc) interferes with thromboplastin (cannot activate fibrin)