Immunization Flashcards
Examples of live attenuated viral vaccine
MMR, varicella, yellow fever, nasal influenza,
smallpox, oral rotavirus
Examples of live attenuated bacterial vaccine
BCG, oral typhoid
Examples of inactivated whole virus vaccine
Polio, rabies, hepatitis A
Examples of inactivated fractional protein based vaccine
Subunit: hepatitis B, parenteral influenza, acellular
pertussis
Examples of inactivated fractional polysaccharide based vaccine
Toxoid: ________
Pure:_________
Conjugate: _______
diphtheria, tetanus
pneumococcal, Hib, meningococcal
Hib, pneumococcal, meningococcal
For stimulation of an adequate and persisting antibody response,______ doses are usually required
2 or more
Rule for lapsed immunization
Lapsed immunizations—a lapse in schedule does not require reinstitution of the entire series
Dose—No reduced dose or divided dose should be administered, including to babies born prematurely or at low birth weight (exception:_______
first dose hepatitis B).
Active immunization of people who recently received gamma globulin
Live virus vaccine may have diminished immunogenicity when given shortly before or during the several months after receipt of immunoglobulin (Ig) so
live vaccine is delayed (3–11 months).
T or F
Minor illness, with or without a fever, does not contraindicate immunization.
T
Why is egg allergy not a contraindication to the MMR
MMR is derived from chick embryo fibroblast tissue cultures but does not contain significant amounts of egg cross-reacting proteins
Why is egg allergy not a contraindication to the Influenxa
Influenza vaccine (and yellow fever) does contain egg protein and on rare occasions may induce a significant immediate hypersensitivity reaction.
Post exposure immunization for measles
0–6 months
Immune serum globulin if mother is not immune
Post exposure immunization for measles
Pregnant or immunocompromised
Immune serum globulin
How to give Varicella passive immunization in pregnant mother
VZIG also for susceptible pregnant women, newborn whose mother had the onset of chicken pox within 5 days before delivery to 48 hours after delivery, and certain
hospitalized premature infants
Active Immunization for Hepatitis B: after exposure in nonimmune patient, give _________
hepatitis B Ig plus vaccine;
repeat vaccine at 1 and 6 months
Active Immunization Hepatitis A: if patient is not vaccinated,__________
give 1 dose of vaccine as soon as possible
but within 2 weeks of exposure
Mumps and Rubella active immunization
Not protected by postexposure administration of live vaccine
The infant born to a hepititis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mother should receive
the first dose of hepatitis B virus (HBV) plus hepatitis B Ig at 2 different sites within 12 hours of birth; all 3 doses should be given by age 6 months (treat
same as exposure
DTaP
The rates of local reactions, fever, and other common systemic reactions are substantially lower with ______vaccines than with whole-cell vaccine
(but may still occur).
acellular pertussis
DTaP
Total of 5 doses is recommended before school entry, with the final given at
preschool age, 4–6 years.
________ vaccine is now recommended during adolescence, regardless of immunization status; is also recommended even if one has already had pertussis
disease.
Pertussis booster (Tdap)
Tetanus Prophylaxis in Wound Management
Clean wound
<3 or unknown
Td: Y
TIG: N
Tetanus Prophylaxis in Wound Management
dirty wound
<3 or unknown
Td: Y
TIG: Y
