immunizations

Question 1

contraindications to live vaccines

Answer 1

pregnancy; severely immunocompromised

Question 2

recommended minimum interval between doses of two or more live vaccines

Answer 2

28 day minimum, if not administered simultaneously

Question 3

Hepatitis B

• total # of doses
• when 1st dose is given

Answer 3

• series of 3 vaccines

- routine: birth

Question 4

contraindications of Hep B

Answer 4

life threatening allergy to yeast

Question 5

common contraindications for all vaccines

Answer 5

1) severe allergic rxn to vaccine or vaccine component

2) moderate or severe illness REGARDLESS of fever

Question 6

DTaP

• total # of doses
• when is 1st dose given

Answer 6

• series of 5 vaccines

- 2 months

Question 7

contraindications of DTaP

Answer 7

• encephalopathy not attributable to another identifiable cause within 7 days after prior dose of DTaP
• deferred in individuals with progressive neurologic disorders until neurologic status is clarified and stabilized

Question 8

When is Tdap recommended

Answer 8

• single dose recommended for adolescents 11-12 years

- pregnancy

Question 9

When is DT recommended

Answer 9

• does not contain pertussis; used in children less than 7

Question 10

When is Td recommended

Answer 10

tetatnus-diphtheria vaccine given as booster shot every 10 years or when trauma requires

Question 11

Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)

• total number of doses
• when is 1st dose given

Answer 11

• 2 or 3 doses Hib primary series and a booster dose

- 2 months

Question 12

What does Hib cause

Answer 12

prior to vaccine, Hib disease was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children under 5

Question 13

contraindications of Hib vaccine

Answer 13

• age less than 6 months

Question 14

inactivated poliovirus (IPV)

• total # in series
• age of first dose

Answer 14

• series of 4 vaccines

- 2 months

Question 15

contraindications to administering IPV

Answer 15

anaphylactic rxn to neomycin; streptomycin; polymyxin B

Question 16

pneumococcal conjugate PCV 13

• total # in series
• age of first dose

Answer 16

• series of 4

- 2 months

Question 17

when is pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV23) given

Answer 17

high risk kids ages > 2

• PCV13 + PPSV 23
• protects against 23 types of pneumococcal bacteria

Question 18

streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of what

Answer 18

bacterial meningitis; hits children under age 1 the hardest

Question 19

What vaccines are given as live-attenuated

Answer 19

MMR; Rotavirus; varicella; MMRV; FluMist

Question 20

Rotavirus

• total # of doses
• age of first dose

Answer 20

• series of 2 (Rotarix) or 3 (RotaTeq)

- 2 months

Question 21

what is the difference between Rotarix and RotaTeq

Answer 21

Rotarix contains latex and those with severe latex reaction can’t take it

Question 22

contraindications of Rotavirus

Answer 22

• SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency)
• severe latex allergy (Rotarix)
• h/o of intussusception
• acute moderate to severe gastroenteritis
• altered immunocompetence

Question 23

hepatitis A vaccine (HAV)

• total # of doses
• When is 1st dose given

Answer 23

• 2 dose series

- initiate at 12-23 months

Question 24

HAV series is seperated by how many months

Answer 24

6-18 months

Question 25

contraindications to administer HAV

Answer 25

severe allergy to latex

Question 26

MMR (measels, mumps, rubella) - total # of doses - when is 1st dose given; when is the final dose given

Answer 26

- 2 dose series (live vaccine) - 12-15 months - 4-6 years

Question 27

contraindications to MMR and Varicella and MMRV

Answer 27

- pregnancy | - anaphylactic rxn to neomycin or gelatin

Question 28

Varicella - total # of doses - When is 1st dose given; when is the final dose given

Answer 28

- 2 dose series - 12-15 months - 4-6 yrs

Question 29

MMRV vaccine - total # of doses - when is the 1st and final dose given

Answer 29

- 2 dose series (live) - 12-15 months - 4-6 years

Question 30

Meningococcal vaccines (Menactra) - total # of doses - When is the first dose given - when is the booster dose given

Answer 30

- 2 dose - first dose: 11-12 yrs - booster: 16 yrs old

Question 31

who is high risk for meningococcal disease? when can they get the menactra vaccine

Answer 31

functional or anatomic asplenia, travelers to countries where meningococcal disease is epidemic; community outbreak; first year college students 2 months - 10 years

Question 32

Serogroup B meningococaal (Men B) - total # of doses - indications:

Answer 32

- 2 or 3 dose series - greater or equal to 10 yrs old who are at increased risk of Serogroup B (complement dificiencies; asplenia; disease outbreak)

Question 33

contraindications: meningococcal vaccines

Answer 33

- hx of severe allergic rxn to any component of vaccine including diphtheria or tetanus toxoid - latex allergy

Question 34

HPV vaccine is broken down into 2 vaccines: name them and the serotypes they cover

Answer 34

Cervarix (2vHPV): serotypes 16 and 18 | Gardasil (4vHPV and 9vHPV*): serotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18 + 5 more

Question 35

HPV - total # of doses - age when 1st dose is given

Answer 35

- series of 3 | - 11-12 years of age

Question 36

contraindications to HPV

Answer 36

pregnancy

Question 37

inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) | - indications

Answer 37

- annually for everyone age > or = 6 months

Question 38

children aged 6 months - 8 years require how many doses of flu vaccine during thier first season of vaccination?

Answer 38

2 doses ( > or = to 4 weeks apart)

Question 39

list those who should definitely get IIV

Answer 39

- children 6-59 months - pregnancy - chronic disease - immunosuppression - household contacts of very young or very old

Question 40

contraindications and precautins to IIV

Answer 40

- severe allergy to vaccine component (abx; gelatin; latex) - Guillain Barre Syndrome (precautin) - hx of egg allergy *

Question 41

Live intranasal influenza vaccine (fluMist) | - age of first dose

Answer 41

>2 yrs or less than 49 years

Question 42

contraindications to FluMist

Answer 42

- hx of hypersensitivity to egg/egg protein - ages 2-4 who have asthma, wheezing episode within the past 12 months - ages 2-17 on ASA - pregnant

Question 43

uncommon/very rare adverse rxns to vaccines

Answer 43

- anaphylaxis - sz - inconsolable crying for > 3 hrs - fever > 105