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Pediatrics I, exam 1 > well child development > Flashcards

well child development Flashcards

1
Q

when does AAP recommend exams for developmental screening

A
  • 9 mo
  • 18 mo
  • 24 mo
    *
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2
Q

prematurity may affect behavior and neurodevelopment until what age (normally)

A

2 yo

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3
Q

AAP recommendation for autism specific screening

A
  • 18 mo
  • 24/30 mo
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4
Q

red flags concerning for autism

A
  • 12 months: no babbling; pointing, or gestures
  • 16 months: no single words
  • 24 months: no 2 word phases
  • any age: loss of language or social skills
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5
Q

name 4 developmental domains

A
  • cognitive
  • language
  • physical
  • social
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6
Q

when is touch, taste, and smell mature?

A

at birth; sweet taste preferred

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7
Q

a newborn can see a object up to what distance

A

8-12 in

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8
Q

when does color vision develop

A

4-6 mo

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9
Q

when can a infant track objects 180 degrees

A

2-4 months

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10
Q

newborn behavior is based on what 6 states of consciousness

A
  1. active crying
  2. active sleep
  3. drowsy waking
  4. fussing
  5. quiet alert
  6. quieet sleep

* healthy babies with normal nervous system move smoothly from one state to another

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11
Q

how often do breast fed infants need to be fed compared to formula fed

A
  • breast-fed: every 2 hours
  • formula fed: every 2-4 hours

* neither should go more than 5 hrs without feeding

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12
Q

well hydrated infants will have how many wet diapers per day

A

6-8

** infants DO NOT get free water

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13
Q

when do sleep-wake cycles begin to stabilize

A

3 months old

* by 4 months, most will have one 5 hr period of uninterrupted sleep per day

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14
Q

when does colic normally start? when does it resolve

A
  • 3 weeks
  • 12 weeks
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15
Q

how is colic diagnosed

A

rules of 3

  • at least 3 hours of crying a day
  • at least 3 days of the week
  • lasting for at least 3 weeks
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16
Q

treatment for colic

A
  • cope as calmly and rationally as possible
  • try “gas” medication : gripe water
  • colic hold
  • soothing noises
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17
Q

physical developmental milestones at 2 months

A
  1. lift and turn head (momentarily) when lying on back
  2. tracks past midline
  3. begins to push up in prone position
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18
Q

language milestone: 2 months

A

turns head toward sounds

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19
Q

cognitive developmental milestone: 2 months

A
  • alert to voices
  • begins to follows objects with eyes
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20
Q

social developmental milestone: 2 months

A

begins to smile responsively

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21
Q

big anticipatory guidelines for parents of children 2 mo

A
  • diapers: 5-8 wet/day; 3-4 stools/day
  • sleep on back
  • stragulation: no cords; purse straps
  • smoking risk
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22
Q

physical developmental milestone: 4 months

A
  • holds head steady
  • lifts up on hands/elbows
  • pushes down with legs
  • hands to mouth
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23
Q

language developmental milestone: 4 months

A
  • laughs and squeals
  • babbles
  • copies sounds
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24
Q

cognitive developmental milestone : 4 months

A

follows moving objects side to side

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25
social developmental milestone: 4 months
* smiles spontaneously at people * smiles at mirror
26
anticipatory guide for parents of child age 4 months
* back to sleep * feed when hungry * no extra fluids
27
physical developmental milestone: 6 months
* sit supported * rolls front to bak and back to front
28
language development milestones: 6 months
* makes vowel sounds * begins consonant sounds * shows joy and pleasure * responds to sounds by making sounds
29
cognitive developmental milestone: 6 months
brings objects to mouth
30
social developmental milestone: 6 months
responds to other's emotions
31
anticipatory guidelines for parents of child age 6 months
* no bottle propping * introduction food: rice cereal * teeting * baby can sleep on stomach: put baby to sleep awake but drowsy * watch out for small objects
32
physical developmental milestone: 9 months
* sits without support * pull to stand * stand holding on
33
language developmental milestone: 9 months
mama; baba; dada
34
cognitive developmental milestone: 9 months
peek-a-boo (object permanence)
35
social developmental milestone: 9 months
recognize famililar people
36
anticipatory guidance for parents of child age 9 months
* table foods: variety textures * 3 meals; 2-3 snacks * encourage cup * brushing teeth
37
Physical developmental milestone: 12 months
takes steps (holding onto furniture)
38
language developmental milestone: 12 months
* Mama AND Dada + 2 other words * simple gestures
39
cognitive developmental milestone: 12 months
* copies gestures * can point with index finger * can find "hidden" objects
40
social developmental milestone: 12 months
* seperation anxiety * waves bye-bye (by 10 months) * shows fear
41
anticipatory guidance for parents of child age 12 months
* discuss timeout vs corporal punishment * praise good behavior * introduction of whole cow's mild * 1 nap a day
42
how should discipline be addressed for 12 month old
* positive reinforcement of desired behavior * punishment/removal of reinforcement or reduce or eliminate undesired behaviors * effective strategies: distraction; redirection; timeout
43
AAP recommendations for carseat
rear facing until 2 years old
44
common toddler behaviors
* discipline challenges * acting out: breath-holding; crying; tantrums
45
physical developmental milestone : 15 months
* stands alone well * walks well * walks backward * stoops
46
language developmental milestone: 15 months
* use 3-6 words * indicates wants
47
social developmental milestone: 15 months
indicates some needs by pointing
48
cognitive developmental milestone: 15 months
* knows what ordinary things are (brush, spoon, phone) * copies others
49
anticipatory guidelines for parents of child 15 months
* wean from bottle * plan first dental visit * brush 2x/day * watch what is in arms reach
50
physical developmental milestone: 18 months
* gross: walks alone; kicks ball * fine: scribbles; uses cup well; eats with spoon
51
language developmental milestone: 18 months
* combines 2 words * names some pictures/body parts \*\*if speaks less than 6 words: RED flag
52
social developmental milestone: 18 months
simple pretend play
53
cognitive developmental milestone: 18 months
knows _function_ of ordinary items (phone, brush, spoon)
54
anticipatory guidance for parents of child 18 months
* limit punishment to high yeild; consistent in discipline * prep for toilet training : can they indicate bowel movement? are they dry for periods of 2 hours?
55
potty training guideline/ normals
* introduce potty chair around 18 months * 2-4 yrs: daytime control achieved * nighttime control by 6 years \*\* positive reinforcement
56
physical developmental milestone: 24 months
walks steadily
57
language developmental milestone: 24 months
* 2 word sentences * repeats overheard words
58
social developmental milestone: 24 months
copies others; excited about other children
59
cognitive developmental milestone: 24 months
completes familiar sentences and rhymes
60
anticipatory guidelines for parents with child 24 months
* teach personal hygiene (wash hands) * limit TV \< 2 hrs per day * consider low fat milk * toilet training * carseat in the back
61
when should first dentist appointment be made
by 24 months
62
physical developmental milestone: 36 months
climbs stairs one foot at a time (2 feet each step)
63
language developmental milestone: 36 months
* 100-200 word vocab: understandable 50% of time * speaking in sentences
64
social developmental milestone: 36 months
* pretend play and simple games * empathy * makes eye contact
65
cognitive developmental milestone: 36 months
plays make-believe
66
anticipatory guidance for parents of child 36 months
* read, sing, play rhyme games * be aware of furniture placement * don't lie or trick child
67
gross physical development developmental milestone: 3-6 years
* more skilled at running, jumping, early throwing * hops on one foot * skips * catching bouncing ball * steering bike
68
fine motor developmental milestone: 3 yo
* draw circle * draw 3 part person * self dressing
69
fine motor developmental milestone: 4 yo
* draw square * use scissors to cut in straight line * put on clothes properly
70
fine motor developmental milestone: 5 yo
* speading with a knife * draw triangle
71
language developmental milestone 3 yo
3 word sentences
72
language developmental milestone 4 yo
* count to 4 * name 4 colors * pas/pretense * asks "why" questions
73
language developmental milestone 5 yo
* counts to 10 * responds to "why" questions
74
what woud you say to a parent who co toddler stuttering
* may occur in normal language in toddlers * occurs due to ideas coming faster than a child is able to express * concern: lasts longer than 6 months; occurs with tics, grimacing, or extreme self-consciousness
75
language developmental milestone 6-12 yo
* simple but complete 5-7 word sentenses * 3 series commands in a row * 5 step commands by age 10
76
cognitive developmental milestone 6-12
* should be able to focus on a task for at least 15 minutes; 1 hr by age 9 yo
77
AAP recommendation for car seat/booster seat
* forward facing seat until exceeds limits * booster seat until 4'9 and between 8-12 yo

Pediatrics I, exam 1 (4 decks)

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