Immunology Zwickey Winter 2014

Question 1

Antigen

Answer 1

A substance that when introduced into the body stimulates the production of an antibody. Antigens include toxins, bacteria, foreign blood cells, and the cells of transplanted organs.

Question 2

Chemokine

Answer 2

Any of a group of low molecular weight cytokines identified on the basis of their ability to induce chemotaxis or chemokinesis in leukocytes (or in particular populations of leukocytes) in inflammation

Question 3

Complement

Answer 3

A heat-labile cascade system of at least 20 serum glycoproteins that interact to provide many of the effector functions of humoral immunity and inflammation, including vasodilation and increase of vascular permeability, facilitation of phagocyte activity, and lysis of certain foreign cells. It can be activated via either the classical or alternative complement pathways.

Question 4

Cytokine

Answer 4

Any of numerous hormonelike, low-molecular-weight proteins, secreted by various cell types, which regulate the intensity and duration of immune response and mediate cell-to-cell communication.

Question 5

Defensin

Answer 5

A class of basic antibiotic polypeptides, found in neutrophils, which kills bacteria by causing membrane damage. These cytotoxic peptides contain 29–38 amino acid residues.

Question 6

Kinin

Answer 6

Polypeptide hormones that are released from diffuse stores and not from specialized tissue. they are rapidly inactivated at the site of release.

Question 7

Opsinize

Answer 7

To make (bacteria or other cells) more susceptible to the action of phagocytes.

Question 8

Pyogenic

Answer 8

1. Producing or generating pus.

2. attended with or pertaining to the formation of pus.

Question 9

Pyrogenic

Answer 9

1. Producing or produced by fever.

2. Caused by or generating heat.

Question 10

Chemotaxis

Answer 10

The characteristic movement or orientation of an organism or cell along a chemical concentration gradient either toward or away from the chemical stimulus.

Question 11

Chemokinesis

Answer 11

The random movement of cells, such as leucocytes, stimulated by substances in their environment

Question 12

Neutrophil

Answer 12

A neutrophil cell, especially an abundant type of granular white blood cell that is highly destructive of microorganisms.

Question 13

Leukocyte

Answer 13

White blood cell. Any of various nearly colorless cells of the immune system that circulate mainly in the blood and lymph, comprising the B cells, T cells, macrophages, monocytes, and granulocytes. Also called leukocyte , white′ blood′ corpuscle, white′ cell.