Immunomodulating Agents Flashcards
What is the primary function of immunomodulating agents?
To suppress the immune system when necessary (transplants, autoimmune dz)
What is cyclosporine’s MOA and what interleukin does it suppress?
bind to cyclophilin; inhibition of Calcineurin; prevention of IL-2 production and its receptor
What drug has a similar end result as cyclosporine, but it does so by binding FK-binding protein?
Tacrolimus
Describe the MOA of Sirolimus (rapamycin)
block mTOR; inhibit response of T cells to cytokines
Mycophenolate Mofetil inhibits what enzyme?
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH)
What are the major side effects of cyclosporine?
- Nephrotoxicity
- predisposes to viral infections
- predisposes to lymphomas (induces TGF-B)
- HTN, hyperglycemia, hyperK, sz
What are the major side effects of tacrolimus?
- Nephrotoxicity
- Peripheral neuropathy
What side effects accompany sirolimus?
- myelosuppression (esp. thrombocytopenia)
- hyperlipidemia
When is mycophenolate mofetil used, and what are its toxicities?
- alternative for cyclosporine/tacrolimus
- N/V/D, headache, HTN, reversible neutropenia
Alemtuzumab is an IgG that binds?
CD52 (on B/T cells, NK cells, monocytes)
Bevacizumab is an IgG Ab against ________, which prevents tumors from getting what?
- VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor
- starves the tumor by preventing new blood vessel growth
Cetuximab targets what receptor?
EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor
Gemtuzumab is an IgG Ab against what?
CD33 (33=(G)ay)
used in AML
Rituximab is an IgG against what?
CD20
used in B cell NHL
Trastuzumab is a monoclonal Ab against?
erb-B2 (HER-2 seen in breast cancer)
T for tits
