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Pathology Exam III > Immunopathology II > Flashcards

Immunopathology II Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

how does acute GVHD affect skin

A

rash exfoliation

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2
Q

how does acute GVHD affect GI

A

ulcerative gastroenteritis

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3
Q

how does acute GVHD affect liver

A

bile duct necrosis

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4
Q

what is the mechanism of acute GVHD

A

donor cytotoxin T cells or cytokines from helper T cells destroy epithelial celsl

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5
Q

when does chronic GVHD happen

A

after resolution of acute GVHD or without acute phase

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6
Q

what does the morphology of chornic GVHD miminc

A

systemic sclerosis

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7
Q

what does chronic GVHD cause

A

generalized fibrosis of GI, Skin, LIver, and broncholes of lunch

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8
Q

what critieria is required for an autoimmune diseaes

A

immunological reaction to self=Ag or native tissue
reaction is primary to pathogensis
no other etiology

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9
Q

polymorpims is what gene is often implicated in autoimmunity

A

PTPN-22

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10
Q

how do microbes influence auto-immunity

A

increase expression of APC co-stimulatory molcules, non-soecific B and T cell stimulation

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11
Q

what is the prototypical multisystem disorder

A

SPE

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12
Q

What is the ACR diagnositic creteria for SPE

A 
malar rash
discoid rash
photsensitivty
oral ulcers
arthritis
serositis
renal diorder
neurologic
hemotologic
antinuclear antibodies
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13
Q

mala rash

A

butterfly rash

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14
Q

discoid rash

A

scaely

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15
Q

serositis

A

ST elevation of EKG

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16
Q

what is the hematologic disorder seen in SPE pts

A

hemolytic anemia or leukopenia or lyophopeia or thrombocytopenia

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17
Q

what locus is associated with SPE

A

HLA-DQ

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18
Q

what are the most common clinical signs in SPE pts

A 
hematologic
arthritis
skin
fever
fatique
weight loss
renal
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19
Q

what is the hallmark of lupus

A

antinuclear antibodies

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20
Q

how do you test for ANA

A

fluorescnese

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21
Q

homogenous ANA pattern indicates

A

RA or drug induced SLE

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22
Q

rim pattern of staining indictaes

A

dsDNA, SLE active flares

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23
Q

speckled ANA pattern inidcates

A

anti-smith Ab of SLE, systemic sclerosis, sjogren’s syndrome

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24
Q

nucleolar ANA pattern inidcates what

A

SLE, systemic sclerosis, CREST

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25
centromere pattern inidcates
systemic sclerosis, CREST
26
type II mechanism in lupus
against blood cells, causes frequent hematologic abnormalites
27
type III mechanism in lupus
visceral lesions
28
how are joints affects in lupus
synovitis without deformity
29
how are joints affects in lupus
synovitis without deformity
30
acute lupus vascular changes
vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis of arteries/arterioles in any tissue
31
chronic lupus vascular changes
layered fibrous thickening - onion skin looking
32
lupus nephritis
prototype of immune complex glomerulnephritis
33
what are the 5 patterns of lupus nephritis
minimal changes mesangial CN with increase in cells and matrix membranous diffuse GN with proliferation of endothelial, epithelial, mesagnial celsl
34
membranous glomerulonephritis
thickening of capillary loops
35
acute form of serositis
exudation of fibrin
36
chronic form of serositis
proliferation of fibrous tissue, thickening membranes, adhesions
37
heart problems often seen in lupus
frequent pericarditis occasional mycoarditis nonbacterial endocaridits
38
vegetative endocarditis in rheumatic heart disease
small, warty vegetations along lines of closure of balbe leaflets
39
infection endocarditis vegative endocarditis
large, irregular destructive masses of valve cusps, can extend to chordae
40
vegetative endocarditis in nonbaterical thrombotic endocarditis
small, bland vegetations at the line of closure
41
vegetative endocarditis in libman=sacks endocarditis
small-medium sized vegetrations on either/both sides of valve leaflets
42
acute lung problems with lupus
penumotisis with alveolar damge, edema, and hemorrhage
43
chronic lung problems with lupus
interstitial and vascular fiborsis causing pulomary fiborsis and pulmonary hypertension (restrictive lung disesase)
44
common lupus CNS problems
seizures, focal neurologic deficit, neuropsych
45
what tends to be the COD with lupus
renal faiure, infection, CAD
46
chronic discoid LE
variety of skin lesions without systemic features, SLE can develop but rare
47
subacute cutaneous LE
diffuse superifical, nonscarring photosenstive lesions mild systemic disease in between form of lupus
48
drug induced lupus
mutiple organ involvment, no renal or SNS pathology
49
what drugs can cause lupus
d-penicillamine, procaiaminde, hydralazine, isonizid
50
sjogren's syndrome
autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands - mostly lacrimal and salivary
51
pathogenesis of sjogrens
CD4+T cells against glandular epithelial self-Ag initate the disorder, can be induced by viral infection
52
sjogens' morphology
follicle formation with germinal centers ductal epithelial hyperplasia acinar atrophy, fat replacement of parenchyma
53
systemic sclerosis
autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, destruction of small vessels and progressive tissue firosis
54
invovledment of what in systemic sclerosis causes the most morbidy and mortiality
GI, kidney, heart, lung, muscoskeletal
55
what does CREST stand for
``` calcinosis raynaud's phenomenon esophageal dysfunction sclerdactylyl telangiectasis ```
56
raynaud's phenomen
spasm of blood vessels in response to cold or stress
57
sclerodactylyn
thickening and tightening of skin on fingers and hands
58
telangiectaias
dilation of capillaries causing red makes on surface of skin
59
diffuse varient of systemic sclerosis
widespread skin involemnt at onset early vesiceral invovlemnet rapid progression Ab to DNA topiosermiase I
60
early skin changes in diffuse varient of systemic sclerosis
edmea, lyphocyte infiltrates
61
late skin changes in diffuse varient of systemic sclerosis
claw fingers, mask faces
62
esophagus changes in systemic sclerosis
collagenization and fibrosis of muscularis, can get reflus/barnett's
63
small bowel cances in systemic sclerosis
mucosal thinning, loss of villi/microvilli, malabsorption
64
early stage of musculoskeletal changes in systemic sclerosis
nondestructive hyperplasia and inflammation of synovium
65
late stage of muscular skeletal changes in systemic sclerosis
fibrosis of synovial and periarticular CT
66
renal changes in systemic sclerosis
thickening of interlobular arteries by concentric proliferation of intimal cells, deposition of collagenous or mucinous material and hyaline changes
67
pulomary changes in systemic sclerosis
alveolar fiborsis | pulomary hypertension
68
COD in systemic sclerosis
renal, cardiac, pulmonary, GI dysfunction or failure
69
rheumatoid arthritis
systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder
70
synovitis in rheumatoid arthrits
nonsuppurative, prolifeative, destructive
71
pannus formation
granulation tissue, synovial and inflammatory cell, fibrous CT
72
how does RA affect hands
diffuse osteopenia marked loss of joint spaces ulnar drift of fingers
73
osteopenia
loss of joint space
74
COD of RA
disease complications of amyloidosis, vasculalitis | complications of drug therapy
75
juvenile idiopathic arthritis often affects
large joints
76
systemic features of juvenile idiopathic arthristis
pericarditis mycoarditis pulmonary fibrosis glomerulonephritis
77
still's disease varient
febrile illnesss with hepatosplenomegaly, rash, incraesed WBC count
78
mixed connective tissue disease
clinical syndrome with overlapping features of SLE and Systemic sclerosis
79
what ab is affect in MCTD
anti-U1RNP - to ribonucleoproten
80
what do you treat MCTD with
steroids

Pathology Exam III (10 decks)

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