Imogene King

Question 1

was one of the pioneers and most sought nursing theorists for her Theory of Goal Attainment

Answer 1

Imogene King

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states that “Nursing is a process of action, reaction, and interaction whereby nurse and client share information about their perception in the nursing situation.”

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Theory of Goal Attainment

Question 3

the model focuses on the attainment of certain life goals
It explains that the nurse and patient go hand-in-hand in communicating information, set goals together, and then take actions to achieve those goals

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Theory of Goal Attainment

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The factors that affect the attainment of goals are

r, s, s, t

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roles, stress, space, and time.

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social being who has 3 fundamental needs:

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the need for health information
the need for care that seeks to prevent illness
the need for care when the patient is unable to help him or herself

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involving the patient’s life experiences

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health

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background for human interaction

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environment

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which is formal and informal organizations

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external environment

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which transforms energy to enable people to adjust to external environmental changes

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internal environment

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considered part of the patient’s environment

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nurse

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three interacting systems: (p,i,s)

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personal system, the interpersonal system, and the social system

Question 12

The sequence is first ___ action to recognize the presenting conditions; then ___ action to begin activities related to those conditions; and finally, ___action to exert control over the situation, combined with ___ action seeking to achieve goals.

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mental
physical
mental
physical

Question 13

not specifically defined but might be considered in the sequence of behaviors described in action

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Reaction

Question 14

Each individual
King specified the concepts of body image, growth, development, perception, self, space, and time to comprehend human beings as persons

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1. Personal Systems

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is defined as a sequence of behaviors involving mental and physical activity.

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Action

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can be defined as the processes in people’s lives through which they move from a potential for achievement to the actualization of self.

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Growth and development

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how one perceives both one’s body and others’ reactions to one’s appearance

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body image

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the physical area known as “territory” and by the behaviors of those occupying it

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Space

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defined as “a duration between one event and another as uniquely experienced by each human being; it is the relation of one event to another event.”

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Time

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These are formed by human beings interacting.

Two interacting individuals form a dyad

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2. Interpersonal Systems

Question 21

As the number of interacting individuals increases, so does the ___ of the interactions.

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complexity

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Understanding the ____ system requires the concepts of communication, interaction, role, stress, and transaction.

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interpersonal

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defined as the observable behaviors of two or more individuals in mutual presence.

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Interactions

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“a process whereby information is given from one person to another either directly in a face-to-face meeting or indirectly through telephone, television, or the written word.”

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communication

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“a process of interactions in which human beings communicate with the environment to achieve goals that are valued… goal-directed human behaviors.

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transactions

Question 26

The characteristics of the role include ____

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reciprocity

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A person may be a giver at one time and a taker at another time, with a relationship between two or more individuals functioning in two or more, learned social, complex, and situational roles.

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role

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is “a dynamic state whereby a human being interacts with the environment to maintain balance for growth, development, and performance, which involves an exchange of energy and information between the person and the environment for regulation and control of stressors.”

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Stress

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A more comprehensive interacting system consists of groups that make up society

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3. Social Systems

Question 30

examples of social systems | r, e, hcs

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Religious, educational, and health care systems

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is the process whereby one or more persons influence other persons in a situation is the capacity or ability of a person or a group to achieve goals

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Power

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is “the position of an individual in a group or a group concerning other groups in an organization,” It is identified that status is accompanied by “privileges, duties, and obligation.”

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Status

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is “a dynamic and systematic process by which goal-directed choice of perceived alternatives is made and acted upon by individuals or groups to answer a question and attain a goal”

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Decision making

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a subconcept in the social system but did not further define the concept

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control

Question 35

demonstrates the conceptual system that provided “one approach to studying systems as a whole rather than as isolated parts of a system” and was “designed to explain the organized wholes within which nurses are expected to function.”

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Dynamic Conceptual Systems

Question 36

represents a process of human interactions that lead to transactions: A model of transaction. According to King, “The human process of interactions formed the basis for designing a model of transactions that depicted theoretical knowledge used by nurses to help individuals and groups attain goals.”

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Process of Interaction

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a process of perception and communication between a person and environment and between person and person represented by verbal and nonverbal behaviors that are goal-directed

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Interaction

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a process of interactions in which human beings communicate with the environment to achieve valued goals; transactions are goal-directed human behaviors.

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Transaction

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defined as “a process whereby information is given from one person to another either directly in face-to-face meetings or indirectly through telephone, television, or the written word.”

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Communication

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defined as “a set of behaviors expected of persons occupying a position in a social system; rules that define rights and obligations in a position; a relationship with one or more individuals interacting in specific situations for a purpose.”

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Role

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is “a dynamic state whereby a human being interacts with the environment to maintain balance for growth, development, and performance… an energy response of an individual to persons, objects, and events called stressors.”

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Stress

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can be defined as the “continuous changes in individuals at the cellular, molecular, and behavioral levels of activities… the processes that take place in the life of individuals that help them move from potential capacity for achievement to self-actualization.”

Answer 42

Growth and Development

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is “a sequence of events moving onward to the future… a continuous flow of events in successive order that implies a change, a past and a future… a duration between one event and another as uniquely experienced by each human being… the relation of one event to another.”

Answer 43

Time

Question 44

exists in every direction and is the same in all directions. Space includes that physical area called territory

Answer 44

Space