INTRODUCTION TO NURSING THEORY

Question 1

define what nursing is, what nurses do, and why they do it

define nursing as a unique discipline

Answer 1

NURSING THEORIES

Question 2

Beliefs and values known and understood by a group or discipline

Answer 2

PHILOSOPHY

Question 3

Refers to a logical group of general propositions used as principles of explanation

Used to describe, predict, or control phenomena

Answer 3

THEORY

Question 4

Building blocks of theories

Primarily the vehicles of thought that involve images

Answer 4

CONCEPT

Question 5

overview of the thinking behind the theory and may demonstrate how theory can be introduced into practice

Answer 5

MODELS

Question 6

Group of related ideas, statements, or concepts

Answer 6

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Question 7

Statements that describe the relationship between the concepts

Answer 7

PROPOSITION (RELATIONAL STATEMENT)

Question 8

Perspective or territory of a profession or discipline

Answer 8

DOMAIN

Question 9

organized steps, changes, or functions intended to bring about the desired result

Answer 9

PROCESS

Question 10

Pattern of shared understanding and assumptions about reality and the world

Answer 10

PARADIGM

Question 11

Most general statement of discipline and functions as a framework in which the more restricted structures of conceptual models developed

articulating relationships among 4 major concepts

Answer 11

METAPARADIGM

Question 12

refers to a branch of education, a department of learning, or a domain of knowledge

Answer 12

Discipline

Question 13

refers to a specialized field of practice founded upon the theoretical structure of science

Answer 13

Profession

Question 14

Discipline is dependent upon ___

Answer 14

theory

Question 15

3 methods used to study nursing theoretical works critically

a, c, e

Answer 15

Analysis, critique, and evaluation

Question 16

The consistent structural form of terms

“how clear is this theory?”

Answer 16

Clarity

Question 17

provide guidance and have a few concepts as possible with simplistic relations to aid clarity
“how simple is this theory?”

Answer 17

Simplicity

Question 18

the scope of application and the purpose within the theory

“how general is this theory?”

Answer 18

Generality

Question 19

empirical relevance: correspondence between a particular theory and the objective empirical data
(how accessible the theory is?)

Answer 19

Accessibility

Question 20

Two competing philosophical foundations of science

c- R, E

Answer 20

→ RATIONALISM

→ EMPIRICISM

Question 21

We can have knowledge independent of sense experience (innate ideas - intuitions - deductions)
emphasizes the importance of a priori reasoning for advancing knowledge
(deductive)
(THEORY THEN RESEARCH STRATEGY)

Answer 21

RATIONALISM

Question 22

we can have knowledge through experience
knowledge can be derived from sensory-experience
(inductive)
(RESEARCH THEN THEORY STRATEGY)

Answer 22

EMPIRICISM

Question 23

Focuses on discovering patterns that may describe, explain, and predict phenomena INTERPRETIVE

recognizes that absolute truth cannot be ascertained

Answer 23

POST-POSITIVISM

Question 24

views the biophysical, psychological, and sociological subsystems as related but separate

Answer 24

Wholism

Question 25

natural work exists insists that knowledge and beliefs are gained by one’s senses guided by reason and by the various methods of science

Answer 25

Naturalism

Question 26

recognizes that multiple subsystems are in continuous interaction and that mind-body relationships do exist

Answer 26

Holistic

Question 27

the reasoning is narrow and goes from general to specific

Answer 27

DEDUCTIVE

Question 28

reasoning is much broader and exploratory in nature as one goes from specific to general

Answer 28

INDUCTIVE

Question 29

constructed independently of a | specific time or place

Answer 29

ABSTRACT

Question 30

directly experienced and relate to a particular time or place

Answer 30

CONCRETE

Question 31

identifies categories or classes of phenomena

Answer 31

DISCRETE

Question 32

permits classification of dimensions or gradations of a phenomenon

Answer 32

CONTINUOUS

Question 33

provide descriptions of the concept

Answer 33

Definitions

Question 34

define a particular concept based on the theorist’s perspective

Answer 34

Theoretical Definitions

Question 35

states how concepts are measured

Answer 35

Operational Definitions

Question 36

Contributed to nursing knowledge by providing direction for the discipline, forming a basis for professional scholarship, and leading to new theoretical understandings

Answer 36

NURSING PHILOSOPHIES

Question 37

specify a perspective and produce evidence among phenomena specific to the discipline

Answer 37

NURSING CONCEPTUAL MODELS

Question 38

Has the most specific focus and is concrete in its level of abstraction Develop evidence for nursing practice outcomes

Answer 38

MIDDLE RANGE THEORY

Question 39

4 major concepts (P, E, H, N)

Answer 39

Person, Environment, Health and Nursing

Question 40

the one who put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him

Answer 40

NURSING

Question 41

Immediate knowledge of the disease with the existing sanitary conditions in the area

Answer 41

ENVIRONMENT

Question 42

nursing program is included in courses develop specialized knowledge and higher education moving nursing education into universities course selection

Answer 42

Curriculum Era

Question 43

research process and long range goal of acquiring substantive knowledge participate in research research courses were included in nursing curriculum isolated studies do not yield unified knowledge

Answer 43

research era

Question 44

focus graduate education on knowledge development master's degree programs development of nursing knowledge

Answer 44

graduate education era

Question 45

theories guide nursing research and practice general acceptance of nursing as a profession and an academic discipline research and theory were required to produce nursing science moved nurses forward toward their goal

Answer 45

theory era

Question 46

nursing frameworks produce evidence for quality care theory development emerged as process and product recognized limitations of theory

Answer 46

theory of utilization era

Question 47

deductive inquiry uses

Answer 47

theory then research approach

Question 48

inductive inquiry uses

Answer 48

research then theory approach

Question 49

focused on analysis of theory structure

Answer 49

philosophers

Question 50

focused on empirical research

Answer 50

scientists

Question 51

how we experience the objects of the external world and provides explanation how we construct objects of experience

Answer 51

phenomenology

Question 52

five criteria for the analysis of theory: | c, s, g, a, I

Answer 52

``` criteria generality simplicity accessibility importance ```