IMOGENE KING- GOAL ATTAINMENT THEORY

Question 1

Early life

Answer 1

Imogene King was born on Jan. 30, 1923, in West Point, Iowa. During her early high school years, she decided to pursue a career in teaching. However, her uncle, the town surgeon, offered to pay her tuition to nursing school. She eventually accepted the offer, seeing nursing school as a way to escape life in a small town. Thus began her remarkable career in nursing.

Question 2

exist in an open system as a spiritual and rational thinker who makes choices, selects alternative courses of action

Answer 2

PERSON

Question 3

“the dynamic life experience of a human being” and not simply in the context of bodily processes. She recognizes the ability of a person to “continuously adjust to internal and external stressors” by maximizing available resources to achieve “maximum potential for daily living”.

Answer 3

Health

Question 4

process of balance involving internal and external interactions inside the social system

Answer 4

 Environment

Question 5

a process of action, reaction, and interaction whereby nurse and client share information about their perceptions in the nursing situation. The nurse and client share specific goals, problems, and concerns and explore how to achieve a goal.

Answer 5

Nursing

Question 6

What is Theory of Goal Attainment?

Answer 6

The Theory of Goal Attainment states that“Nursing is a process of action, reaction, and interaction whereby nurse and client share information about their perception in the nursing situation.”

“a process of human interactions between nurse and client whereby each perceives the other and the situation, and through communication, they set goals, explore means, and agree on means to achieve goals.”

Question 7

assumptions

Answer 7

1) The focus of nursing is the care of the human being (patient).
(2) The goal of nursing is the health care of both individuals and groups.
3) Human beings are open systems interacting with their environments constantly.
4) The nurse and patient communicate information, set goals mutually, and then act to achieve those goals. This is also the basic assumption of the nursing process.
5) Patients perceive the world as a complete person making transactions with individuals and things in the environment.
(6) The transaction represents a life situation in which the perceiver and the thing being perceived are encountered. It also represents a life situation in which a person enters the situation as an active participant. Each is changed in the process of these experiences.

Question 8

Goal Attainment theory

Answer 8

1. NEED FOR HEALTH INFORMATION
2. NEED FOR CARE THAT SEEKS TO PREVENT ILLNESS
3. NEED FOR CARE WHEN HUMAN BEINGS ARE UNABLE TO HELP THEMSELVES

Question 9

one’s image of reality, and influences one’s behavior.

Answer 9

Perception

Question 10

a composite of thoughts and feelings that constitute a person’s awareness of individual existence, of who and what he or she is.

Answer 10

self

Question 11

behavioral changes in human beings that help individuals move toward maturity.

Answer 11

Growth and development

Question 12

a person’s perception of his or her body.

Answer 12

body image

Question 13

the duration between the occurrence of one event and the occurrence of another event.

Answer 13

time

Question 14

the physical area called territory that exists in all directions.

Answer 14

space

Question 15

gaining knowledge.

Answer 15

learning

Question 16

the acts of two or more persons in mutual presence; a sequence of verbal and nonverbal behaviors that are goal directed.

Answer 16

Interactions

Question 17

Communication—the vehicle by which human relations are developed and maintained; encompasses intrapersonal, interpersonal, verbal, and nonverbal communication.
Transaction—a process of interaction in which human beings communicate with the environment to achieve goals that are valued; goal-directed human behaviors.

Answer 17

Role—a set of behaviors expected of a person occupying a position in a social system.
Stress—a dynamic state whereby a human being interacts with the environment to maintain balance for growth, development, and performance, involving an exchange of energy and information between the person and the environment for regulation and control of stressors.
Stressors- events that produce stress

Question 18

Social System

Answer 18

Organization—composed of human beings with prescribed roles and positions who use resources to accomplish personal and organizational goals.
Authority—a transactional process characterized by active, reciprocal relations in which members’ values, backgrounds, and perceptions play a role in defining, validating, and accepting the authority of individuals within an organization.
Power—the process whereby one or more persons influence other persons in a situation.

Question 19

the position of an individual in a group or a group in relation to other groups in an organization.

Answer 19

status

Question 20

Decision making—a dynamic and systematic process by which goal-directed choice of perceived alternatives is made and acted upon by individuals or groups to answer a question and attain a goal.
Control—being in charge.

Answer 20

status
decision making
control

Question 21

Imogene King emphasizes the nursing process in her model of nursing

Answer 21

ADPIE

Question 22

takes place during the interaction. The nurse uses his or her special knowledge and skills while the patient delivers knowledge of him or herself and the perception of problems of concern to the interaction. During this phase, the nurse gathers data about the patient, including their growth and development, the perception of self, and current health status. Perception is the basis for the collection and interpretation of data. Communication is required to verify the accuracy of the perception, as well as for interaction and translation.

Answer 22

assesment

Question 23

This phase is developed using the data collected in the assessment. In attaining goals, the nurse identifies problems, concerns, and disturbances about which the patient is seeking help.

Answer 23

Nursing diagnosis

Question 24

phase arises after the diagnosis. The nurse and other health care team members create a care plan of interventions to solve the problems identified. This phase is represented by setting goals and making decisions about the means to achieve those goals. This part of the transaction and the patient’s participation are encouraged in making decisions on the means to achieve the goals.

Answer 24

planning

Question 25

The actual activities done to achieve the goals make up theimplementationphase of the nursing process. Whereas in this model of nursing, it is the continuation of transaction.

Answer 25

implementation

Question 26

Finally, in theevaluationphase, the nurse evaluates the patient to determine whether the goals were achieved. Evaluation involves determining whether or not goals were achieved. The explanation of evaluation in King’s theory addresses meeting goals and the effectiveness of nursing care.

Answer 26

EVALUATION