Impact of right realism on policies Flashcards
What does SCP stand for?
Situational crime prevention.
What is the basis of SCP?
That crime is the result of rational choice.
What is SCP?
Increasing risk/difficulty of crime and reducing potential rewards. Includes target hardening.
What is ECP?
Environmental crime prevention.
What is ECP based on?
Broken windows theory by Wilson and Kelling. The idea that neighbourhoods that seem unkempt attract crime, as they are seen as easy targets. These includes a 2-fold strategy.
What are the features of the two-fold strategy?
Environmental improvement and zero tolerance policy (ZTP)
How does environmental improvement and ZTP tackle crime?
All signs of disorder are removed and crime is punished far more harshly.
Is ECP effective as a whole?
When ZTP was introduced in NYC, crime fell, however it also fell in other cities that had not introduced ZTP. Can lead to targeting ethnic minorities. Does not tackle the root structural causes of crime, like poverty. May lead to more crime, as streets are emptier.
What is penal populism?
The political strategy that involves politicians proposing stricter stances on crime around times of elections in order to gain popularity.
How does penal populism work?
Higher costs are introduced to deter crime, such as longer custodial sentences.
How does prison work?
UK 1990’s- prison works because it achieves incapacitation and also acts as a deterrent.
What are the conservative policies proposed?
-Automatic life sentences for serious second offences.
-Minimum of three years imprisonment for a third burglary charge.
-Minimum seven years for third class A drug trafficking offences.
What are new labour policies?
-Tough on crime and tough on causes of crime.
-ASBOs
-Curfews.
Is incapacitation effective?
Protects the general public, however they may offend against other prisoners and prison staff.
Is rehabilitation effective?
Overcrowding and lack of funding prevents effective rehabilitation.
