Impairment, disability and handicap: relationship to communication dysfunction, the speech banana.

Question 1

Define Impairment.

Answer 1

An impairment is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function.

Question 2

Define Disability.

Answer 2

A disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.

Question 3

Define Handicap.

Answer 3

A handicap is a disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or a disability, that limits or prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal for that individual.

Question 4

WHO definitions summarised:
Impairment = _______________
Disability =________________
Handicap=_________________

Answer 4

Loss/abnormality
Restriction/lack of ability to perform activity
Disadvantage they have as a result of the disability (consequences)

Question 5

Name the 2 parts linking into to the international classification of function (ICF) and disability.

Answer 5

Health Condition

Contextual Factors

Question 6

What is meant by health condition?

Answer 6

The disease or disorder you have.

Question 7

name the 3 components of functioning and disability.

Answer 7

Body (impairment)- structures and functions.
Activities (limitations)
Participation (restrictions).

Question 8

What are the 2 contextual factors?

Answer 8

Environmental Factors

Personal Factors.

Question 9

The international classification of function and disability views disability as a ___________ __________ ______________.

Answer 9

Shared Human Experience.

Question 10

A change in body functions is also known as»>

Answer 10

A change in physiology.

Question 11

A change in body structures is also known as»>

Answer 11

A change in anatomy.

Question 12

What can be a negative aspect of body functions and structures?

Answer 12

Impairment.

Question 13

Tasks and action (life areas) are involved with ___________ and _______________.

Answer 13

activities

participation

Question 14

What are the 2 constructs within activity and participation?

Answer 14

Capacity

Performance.

Question 15

Define Capacity.

Answer 15

Executing tasks in a standard environment.

Question 16

Define Performance.

Answer 16

Executing tasks in the current environment.

Question 17

What is a negative aspect of activities and participation?

Answer 17

Activities - cause limitations

Participation- causes restrictions

Question 18

External influences on functioning and disability are known as ________ factors.

Answer 18

Environmental.

Question 19

__________ influences on functioning and disability are known as personal factors.

Answer 19

Internal.

Question 20

What is the construct of environmental factors?

Answer 20

Facilitating or hindering impact of features on the physical, social and attitudinal world.

Question 21

Name a positive and negative aspect of environmental factors.

Answer 21

Positive- Facilitators

Negative- Barriers, Hindrances.

Question 22

Define the construct of personal factors.

Answer 22

Impact of attributes of the person.

Question 23

How should we talk to people with communication dysfunction?

Answer 23

• Use Clear speech

- talk slower

Question 24

____________ _____________ are the physiological functions of body systems.

Answer 24

Body functions.

Question 25

what are body structures?

Answer 25

Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components.

Question 26

____________ are problems in body function or structure.

Answer 26

Impairments.

Question 27

An impairment can be a significant ___________ or _____.

Answer 27

deviation, loss

Question 28

What is activity?

Answer 28

The execution of a task or action by an individual.

Question 29

__________ ___________ are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities.

Answer 29

Activity Limitations.

Question 30

What is participation?

Answer 30

Involvement in a life situation.

Question 31

______ ___________ are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations.

Answer 31

Participation Restrictions.

Question 32

Environmental factors make up the _____, ___ and _____ environment in which people live and conduct their lives.

Answer 32

physical social attitudinal

Question 33

What marks speech sounds on an audiogram?

Answer 33

The speech banana.

Question 34

What is the speech banana?

Answer 34

The speech banana is a region in which all the phonemes of the world's languages fall on an audiogram

Question 35

If you have mild to moderate hearing loss , what phonemes will you have trouble hearing?

Answer 35

Stops Fricatives Sibilants e.g. d,t,s,f

Question 36

If you have mild to moderate hearing loss, what can you still hear?

Answer 36

You can still hear vowels. (some nasals etc.)

Question 37

If you have ____/_________ hearing loss you have trouble hearing all phonemes.

Answer 37

severe/profound

Question 38

What is used in all countries in Europe to evaluate hearing aid benefit?

Answer 38

International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids | IOI-HA

Question 39

Name the 7 domains of the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA).

Answer 39

1. Use 2. Benefit 3. Residual Activity Limitations 4. Satisfaction 5. Residual Participation Limitations 6. Impact on others 7. Quality of life.

Question 40

What is the most commonly used inventory?

Answer 40

Hearing Handicap Inventory - Screening Version (HHIE-S)

Question 41

What 2 factors does the HHIE-S measure?

Answer 41

Emotional Factors | Social Factors.

Question 42

How many questions does the HHIE-S have?

Answer 42

10

Question 43

Name advantages of the HHIE-S.

Answer 43

- 10 questions, so quick and simple to complete | - Get score at end= know whether to refer them etc.

Question 44

Does a hearing problem cause you to feel embarrassed when meeting new people? (emotional or social?)

Answer 44

Emotional.

Question 45

Do you have difficulty hearing when someone speaks in a whisper? (social or emotional?)

Answer 45

Social.

Question 46

What is a slight disadvantage to the HHIE-S?

Answer 46

Some questions are outdated eg. "does a hearing problem cause you to attend religious services less often than you would like?".