Imperfections

Question 1

Is a pollutant-reducing device that is located in a car’s exhaust system

Answer 1

Catalytic Converter

Question 2

Refers to a lattice irregularity whose dimensions are in the order of 1 Atomic Diameter

Answer 2

Crystalline Defect

Question 3

True or False. There is what we call a perfect crystal

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Types of Imperfections

Answer 4

Point Defects
Line Defects
Area Defects

Question 5

Types of Point Defects

Answer 5

Vacancy Atoms
Interstitial Atoms
Substitutional Atoms

Question 6

An example of a line defect

Answer 6

Dislocation

Question 7

An example of an area defect

Answer 7

Grain Boundaries

Question 8

The simplest point defect

Answer 8

Vacancy

Question 9

One that is normally occupied from which an atom is missing

Answer 9

Vacancy

Question 10

True or False. All crystalline solids contain vacancies

Answer 10

True

Question 11

vacant atomic sites in a structure

Answer 11

Vacancy

Question 12

are extra atoms positioned between atomic sites

Answer 12

Self-Interstitials

Question 13

What do you call the constant k

Answer 13

Boltzmann’s Constant

Question 14

What is the value of the Boltzmann’s Constant

Answer 14

1.38x10^-23

Question 15

Is an atom from the crystal that is crowded into an interstitial site

Answer 15

Self-Interstitial

Question 16

They have impurity atoms that have been added intentionally to impart specific characteristics to the material

Answer 16

Alloy

Question 17

What is Nv?

Answer 17

Equilibrium Number of Vacancies

Question 18

What is the formula for Nv

Answer 18

Nv=N exp (-Qv/kT)

Question 19

Results from the addition of impurity atoms to a metal

Answer 19

Solid Solution

Question 20

Represents the element or compound that is present in the greatest amount

Answer 20

Solvent

Question 21

Another term for solvent atoms

Answer 21

Host Atoms

Question 22

Is used to denote an element or compound present in minor concentration

Answer 22

Solute

Question 23

They have solute or impurity atoms replace or substitute the host atoms

Answer 23

Substitutional

Question 24

Conditions for substitutional solid solution

Answer 24

Atomic Size Factor
Crystal Structure
Electronegativity
Valences

Question 25

is also called the concentration of an alloy in terms of its constituent elements

Answer 25

Composition

Question 26

Is the weight of a particular element relative to the total alloy weight

Answer 26

Weight Percent

Question 27

Number of moles of an element in relation to the total moles of the elements in the alloy

Answer 27

Atom Percent

Question 28

Is a linear or one dimensional defect around which some of the atoms are misaligned

Answer 28

Dislocation

Question 29

It is a linear defect that centers on the line that is defined along the end of the extra half-plane of atoms

Answer 29

Edge Dislocation

Question 30

The line where the edge dislocation is centered around

Answer 30

Dislocation Line

Question 31

May be though of as being formed by a shear stress that is applied to produce a distortion

Answer 31

Screw Dislocation

Question 32

Exhibit components of both edge and pure screw dislocations

Answer 32

Mixed Dislocations

Question 33

The magnitude and direction lattice distortion associated with a dislocation is expressed in terms of ___

Answer 33

Burgers Vector

Question 34

Are boundaries that have two dimensions and normally separate regions of the materials that have different crystal structures

Answer 34

Interfacial defects

Question 35

Most obvious boundaries

Answer 35

External Surface

Question 36

Boundary separating two small grain or crystals having different crystallographic orientations in polycrystalline materials

Answer 36

Grain Boundaries

Question 37

Exist in multiphase materials wherein different phase exists on each side of the boundary

Answer 37

Phase Boundaries

Question 38

Is a special type of grain boundary across which there is a specific mirror lattice symmetry

Answer 38

Twin Boundary

Question 39

Are line defects

Answer 39

Dislocations

Question 40

extra half-plane atoms inserted in a crystal structure

Answer 40

Edge Dislocations

Question 41

Spiral planar ramp resulting from shear deformation

Answer 41

Screw Dislocation

Question 42

Measure of Lattice Distortion

Answer 42

Burgers Vector