important for final Flashcards
(31 cards)
1
Q
finno urgic (urlaic)
A
- finnish, hungarian, estonian
- lots of cases
- vowel harmony
2
Q
caucaus
A
- language area
- SOV word order
- glottalized consanants
- MAD case system
3
Q
slavic
A
- conservative
- rich fusional morphology
- lots of palatal consonants
- crazy consonant clusters
4
Q
italic
A
- complex verb conjugations
- strict SVO word order
- grammatical gender
5
Q
semetic
A
-afroasiatic
-ejectives
-veleraized consonants
pharyngealized consanants
-templatic
6
Q
berber language
A
- templatic morphology
- ergative absolutive pattern
7
Q
chadic languages
A
- afro asiatic
- emphatic implosive consonants
- grammatical gender SVO word order
- almost all tonal
8
Q
cushitic languagues
A
- implosive consanants
- SVO word order
- tonal
9
Q
omotic languages
A
benc-non tones
-ejective emphatics
10
Q
nilo saharan
A
- most tonal
- sometimes agglutinating sometimes isolating
- many vowel changes
11
Q
afro asiatic
A
- templatic (sem, ber, egp
- tone (chd,omo)
12
Q
niger congo
A
- crazy noun classes
- language shift causing prestige
13
Q
suprasegmental
A
- a property of a segment that can change the meaning of a word
14
Q
sino tibetan
A
- huge
- isolating morphology
- frequency, pitch, tone, intonation
- classifiers
15
Q
tonogenesis
A
-the evolution of contrative pitch(tone) from other contrasts
16
Q
altaic languages
A
- SOV word order
- nom/accusative
- agglutinative
- vowel harmony
- cognates are hard to find
- controversial
17
Q
austronesian features
A
- inventories & syllable structure
- infixation and reduplication
- voice systems
- open syllable
18
Q
australian languges
A
- agglutinating morphology
- suffixes common, prefixes rare
- few vowel sounds
- non configurational word order
19
Q
north american languages
A
clauses and possessives
- heads and dependents]
- headedness
20
Q
meso american language area
A
- larger populations
- centralized governments
- sedentary lifestyles
- technology/calendar
- uto aztecan, oto menguean, mayan languages
21
Q
uto aztecan
A
- USA and MEX
- US cluster is controversial
- MEX not so much
- agglutinating
- few sounds
22
Q
andean languages
A
- ejective consonants
- gglutinating morphology
- nom/acc case system
- Quechan/Aymara
23
Q
amazonian languages
A
- arawak
- carib
- chinchan
- linguistic exogamy
24
Q
piraha
A
- small sound inventory
- free variation
- whistling
- few numbers
25
substrate languages
-native languages of pidgin speakers, provide pidgin with deep structure
26
superstrate language
- the dominant language
| - provides pidgin with surface structure
27
agglutinating
many morphemes per word
| one meaning per morpheme
28
fusional
few morphemes per word
| many meanings per morpheme
29
semantic typology I
motion verb is conflated with the manner of motion
30
type 2
motion + path
31
type 3
motion + figure
