Important People Flashcards
(21 cards)
1
Q
Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
A
- Mystic
- Benedictine Nun
- Had heavenly visions
2
Q
Catherine of Siena (1347 [or 1333] - 1380)
A
- Mystic
- Married to God
- Social Involvement (helped victims of the Black Death)
- Dominican lay person
3
Q
Meister Eckhart (1260-1327)
A
- Mystic
- You own your own individuality, and by such you learn and understand the unity of God
- If you let go of all you have, you will increase your understanding of God
4
Q
Julian of Norwich (ca. 1342-1413)
A
- Mystic
- Had visions of God
- Believed that because of the presence of evil, one can better understand goodness, and divine love.
5
Q
Teresa of Avila (1515-1582)
A
- Spanish Carmelite Nun
- Visions of God at age 40
- Believed that life is like a Crystal Mansion. Life increases at you get closer to the centre (Christ)
6
Q
Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
A
- Created the Five Ways
- Aristotelian Theologian
- Believed in a synthesis of philosophy (reason) and theology (revelation) - unity of truth
7
Q
John Calvin (1509-1564)
A
- Humanist
- Said: God is above everything, so much that we cannot even try to understand Him.
- Believed in double predestination: Some people are destined for Heaven, and some are destined for Hell.
8
Q
Huldrich Zwingli (1484-1531)
A
- Former Catholic Priest
- Went back on forth on whether is is good or bad to baptize children.
- Died in battle against the Catholics
9
Q
Martin Luther (1448-1546)
A
- Kick started the Reformation
- Posted 95 Theses
10
Q
The Apostle Paul
A
- Second Founder of Christianity
- Pharisee
- Spoke Hellenistic Greek
- Persecuted Christians and then was converted on his way to Damascus
11
Q
Marcion (died 160)
A
- Excommunicated from the church
- Rejected the Jewish traditions outlined in the Bible.
- Tried to make a Canon - minus everything Jewish
- Did not succeed, but did push the process that would make the Bible Canon we have to date.
12
Q
Tertulliian (ca. 145-220)
A
- Was sceptical of Greek thought
- Introduced the theology of the TRINITAS (3 in 1)
13
Q
Justin Martyr (ca. 100-166)
A
- Believed that the Christian Faith complemented the Greek philosophy
- believed that truth comes from the eternal logos (incarnate Christ)
14
Q
Arius (250-336)
A
Believed:
- Jesus was created in time and space, therefore not eternal (he was born human)
- Jesus was liable to commit sins
- Denied that Jesus was of the same essence of the Father; issue of consubstantiality
15
Q
Benedictine is and was founded by…
A
- A Monastic Order
- Founder: Benedict
- Founded in Italy
- Economically sufficient
16
Q
What is Clinic Fathers?
A
- Monastic Order
- Founded by Duke William of Pious
- Build over 300 monastic homes
17
Q
What is the Cistercians?
A
- Monastic Order
- Founder: Robert of Molesmes
- Trappists: Austere practice of silence
18
Q
What was the Mendicant Order?
A
- Monastic Order
- People within were called Friars
- Believed in begging, and having nothing
- Often fed by their communities
19
Q
What were the Franciscans, and who was the founder?
A
- Monastic Order
- Founder: Francis of Assisi
- Lived in property
- Preached to the sick, even to animals
- Known for his simple sandals
20
Q
Who were the Dominicans, and who founded them?
A
- Monastic Order
- Founder: Dominic Guzman
- Preached against dualism
21
Q
Anselm of Canterbury (1033-1109)
A
- Believed that “Faith seeks understanding”
- Ontological Proof of God’s existence from readings Psalms (“only a fool does not believe in God”):
- God is “that than which nothing greater can be conceived of”
- Satisfaction Theory: “God only can and man only ought to make this satisfaction, then necessarily One must make it who is both God and man
- Faith is already there, and then you have to learn to understand it
