Important Questions-Cold war

Question 1

Describe some of Nagy’s reforms in the Prague spring of 1968

Answer 1

impartial legal system to ensure fair trials, withdrawal of Soviet troops from Hungary allowed Hungary to leave the Warsaw pact

Question 2

What was the Truman Doctrine

Answer 2

President Truman offered help to any country threatened by communism and gave $400m

Question 3

What was Marshall Aid

Answer 3

The money promised in the Truman doctrine and 17bn was given

Question 4

What was the cominform

Answer 4

it linked the activities of the communist parties

Question 5

What was Comecon

Answer 5

The soviet union could financially support the economies of Eastern European countries

Question 6

Why did Stalin make Comecon and Cominform

Answer 6

To combat the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall aid plan

Question 7

What were the names of the military alliances of the west, and of the East

Answer 7

Nato-West

Warsaw pact-East

Question 8

What year was Nato and the Warsaw pact made in

Answer 8

Nato-1949

Warsaw pact-1955

Question 9

Give two agreements that were made at the Potsdam conference of 1945

Answer 9

Govern Germany in 4 zones and Nazi war criminals to face trial

Question 10

Give two disagreements in the Potsdam conference

Answer 10

West wanted free elections, East didn’t

East wanted harsh operations for Germany but the west wanted lighter repercussions

Question 11

Why did Churchill and Stalin not get on in Tehran and Yalta

Answer 11

Churchill was anti-communist and didn’t like the soviet union

Question 12

When and what was Churchill’s ‘Iron Curtain’ speech

Answer 12

March 1946 and it was a speech about Eastern European countries were under the influences and control of the soviet union

Question 13

Explain why Stalin created the Berlin Blockade

Answer 13

Because Stalin wanted to force allied troops out of west berlin

Question 14

Give one statistic about the berlin blockade

Answer 14

The allies did 275,000 flights to give supplies to West Berlin

Question 15

Give two examples of how ‘salami tactics’ were used to take control over Eastern Europe

Answer 15

Rigged elections and the red army slowly took over cities

Question 16

Describe the changes Krushchev made after Stalin’s death

Answer 16

Peacful co-existance and De-stalinisation

Question 17

How did the changes made by Khrushchev help cause the Hungarian Uprising

Answer 17

When the communist party tried to destalinize Hungary things got out of control

Question 18

Why did Castro hate the USA and become close to the USSR

Answer 18

Because the USA would buy any sugar from them and the USSR promised they would buy 1 million pounds of sugar

Question 19

How did the Cuban Missile crisis end

Answer 19

Khrushchev withdrew missiles from Cuba in 1960

Question 20

How many Hungarians died in the Hungarian Uprising

Answer 20

2500

Question 21

Give two consequences of the Cuban Missile crisis

Answer 21

Cuba stayed communist and a hotline was set up to prevent a hot war

Question 22

How many Czechoslovakians died in the uprising of 1968

Answer 22

137

Question 23

What was the Helsinki Agreement

Answer 23

It was an agreement signed by 35 nations that concluded the conference on security and cooperation in Europe

Question 24

What was the Carter Doctrine

Answer 24

The USA was prepared to use force to stop any country from aging control of oil-rich states

Question 25

What happened to President Carter in the 1980 elections

Answer 25

He lost the 1980 election to Reagan

Question 26

What was the Brezhnev Doctrine

Answer 26

The soviet union had to use military force to maintain the strict rule of the communist party

Question 27

How was Gorbachev’s Sinatra Doctrine different to the Brezhnev Doctrine

Answer 27

It rejects the Brezhnev Doctrine because it was no longer financially viable

Question 28

What does Detente mean

Answer 28

A relaxation of tensions

Question 29

Give two examples of detente

Answer 29

SALT 1 and 2

Anti-ballistic missile treaty

Question 30

Why did the USSR want Detente

Answer 30

They saw China as a threat so wanted to be friendlier with the US

Question 31

Why would the USA want detente

Answer 31

it could help the Americans find a way out of Vietnam and they could save lots of money

Question 32

What caused the end of detente

Answer 32

When the soviet union intervened in Afghanistan

Question 33

Who were the leaders of the USA and the USSR at the end of detente

Answer 33

USA-Carter

USSR-Gorbachev

Question 34

Who were the Mujahideen

Answer 34

Members of guerrilla groups operating in Afghanistan

Question 35

Who were the Mujahideen fighting

Answer 35

Soviet forces

Question 36

Who did the Mujahideen get help from

Answer 36

The US (money and weapons)

Question 37

Why was Gorbachev different from every other leader before him?

Answer 37

He recognized that the soviet union needed to adapt, and he cooperated with the US

Question 38

What was MAD

Answer 38

Mutually assured destruction

Question 39

What is NUTS and who supported it

Answer 39

Nuclear utilization target selection and President Carter

Question 40

What was ‘star wars’ (SDI)

Answer 40

Strategic defense initiative-a proposed missile defense system in tended to protect the US

Question 41

Define perestroika

Answer 41

restructuring the economy and political system

Question 42

Define Glasnost

Answer 42

Allowing free discussion of social problems

Question 43

Describe the break-up of the USSR

Answer 43

Gorbachev’s decision to allow elections with a multi-party system and create a presidency for the soviet union began a slow process of democracy that eventually destabilized communist control and contributed to the collapse of the soviet union