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FLS > In-Class Lecture 1: Jihan > Flashcards

In-Class Lecture 1: Jihan Flashcards

1
Q

“The light microscope discerns material that’s ___ of a micron (micrometer) apart.”

A

2/10

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2
Q

“The electron microscope can discern structures that are ___ angstroms apart.”

A

1.5

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3
Q

In what type of cell was mitochondria discovered?

A

Muscle cells

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4
Q

Mitochondria can take a phosphate and link it to what?

A

ADP

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5
Q

What is the major function of mitochondria?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

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6
Q

Mitochondria are common in cells that make what?

A

Hormones (esp. steroids)

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7
Q

In what situation would the cristae change shape?

A

Dependent on the work that the mitochondria is performing

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8
Q

How many mitochondria in one liver cell?

A

1,000

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9
Q

What is simple fission of a mitochondria?

A

The structure winds itself around the mitochondria, like a belt, and the mitochondria splits

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10
Q

What genes are coded from the DNA in mitochondria?

A

The genes are involved in making new structural components in mitochondria

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11
Q

What type of disease is the most abundant in-born error of metabolism? At what rate?

A

Mitochondrial diseases; happens in 1 in 2000 live births

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12
Q

Where is smooth ER abundant? For what function?

A

Liver, for glycogen metabolism

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13
Q

What enzyme is produced by the smooth ER for synthesis and breakdown of glycogen?

A

Glucose-6-phosphatase

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14
Q

What two organelles work together to produce steroid hormones?

A

Smooth ER and mitochondria

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15
Q

What organelle is implicated in cell types that are involved in protein for export?

A

Rough ER

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16
Q

What kind of protein is in Rough ER, which is mainly RNA?

A

Ribonucleoprotein

17
Q

What is a prime function of Rough RNA?

A

“Scheme” of protein synthesis

18
Q

A sialoprotein had what added to the protein?

A

Sulfur

19
Q

What is the main function of lysosomes?

A

Picks up dead organelles and breaks them down

20
Q

What causes Tay-Sach’s disease?

A

Lack of lysosomal breakdown organelles requiring this

21
Q

What generates lysosomes?

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

22
Q

All centrioles have what characteristic structure?

A

9 triplets of tubules

23
Q

What are the two main functions of centrioles?

A
  1. Cell division

2. Induces the formation of cilia

24
Q

What are the two main structures of the cytoskeleton of cytoplasm?

A

Microtubules and filaments

25
Q

What is absent on the inner membrane of the nucleus?

A

Ribosomes

26
Q

What is (maybe) present on the outer membrane of the nucleus? With what structure is the outer membrane continuous?

A

There may be ribosomes, as it is continuous with the Rough ER

27
Q

Each pore in the nuclear envelope is what shape?

A

Hexagonal

28
Q

What do nucleoli help produce?

A

Ribosomes

29
Q

When are chromosomes visible in the nucleus?

A

When the cell is in the process of dividing

FLS (11 decks)

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