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RE Creation > Incarnation > Flashcards

Incarnation Flashcards

1
Q

Incarnation

A

God taking on the human condition in Jesus

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2
Q

Annunciation

A

When the angel Gabriel asked Mary to accept the role of the mother of the Son of God

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3
Q

Grace

A

God’s free gift of his unconditional love to the believer

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4
Q

TThe importance of incarnation

A

The doctrine(official Church teaching) of the incarnation teaches us God took on the full limitations of the human condition when he became Jesus(who was truly man). This shows God loves the human race so much that he was prepared to share in it to the fullest extent and helps Christians to value God’s love. St Irenaeus claims this means Christians know what God is like through Jesus, who displays God’s qualities. St Irenaeus shows how Christians develop a better understanding of God’s nature through examining the life/actions of Jesus.
Makes people aware of the presence of God among hymans as the Spirit continues to share the life and love of God with all people, since Jesus’s spirit is active though he’s not in the world any more, through grace and the loving actions performed by other people. Before the incarnation, Jesus was merely seen as a distant(but caring) being.
St Irenaeus shows the importance of incarnation for bringing humans and God closer to each other in his writings called Adversus Haereses. He presents Jesus as the meeting point between God and humanity.

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5
Q

What the Annunciation shows us about Jesus

A

The Annunciation shows God fulfils all the promises he made to all Jewish people(including Abraham and his descendants) through Jesus.

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6
Q

What the Birth of Jesus from
Joseph’s perspective tells us

A

Joseph had to take Mary home as his wife, who was pregnant through the Holy Spirit and “not be afraid” to do so and help her give birth to a son.
Shows Jesus was born of a virgin(Mary) and conceived by the power of God
Virgin birth - Jesus was fully human but did not have a human father despite getting humanity from Mary, he was also fully God and conceived by the Holy Spirit

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7
Q

Word of God

A

The Second Person of the Trinity, the Son of God, who became flesh in
Jesus. He is both fully God and a separate person of the Trinity.

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8
Q

Evidence for the Word of God- why John stressed this and what does this mean

A

John’s Gospel(John 1:1-4,14) starts with an explanation of Jesus as the Word of God made flesh. John shows the Word is an eternal
being(without beginning or end) as it says ‘In the beginning was the Word.’ The Word has always existed, but took on human nature
to live on earth as Jesus “The word became flesh and lived among us”
‘The Word was with God’- shows while the Word and God are united, there is also a distinction between them
‘What has come into being in him was life, and the life was the light of all people’- The word of God is how God expresses his power and love.
Jesus is God’s free gift to the human race “full of grace and truth”

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9
Q

The Word Was God

A

The Word of God is inside God and is God’s self-expression, has always existed alongside God

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10
Q

The Word Became Flesh

A

How the word(self-expression of God) took on human nature

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11
Q

Christians’ views on grace

A

Grace is dynamic, unites the three Persons of the Trinity: the mutual love of the Father for the Son in the Holy Spirit,
Grace is poured into people’s heart so they share in the divine love: the shared love of the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit.

Jesus is God’s free gift to the hyman race to help humans learn to respond fully to the love God gives.
No person deserves/earns God’s grace, which is his free self-communication to humanity and the ultimate sign of God’s love.

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12
Q

Son of Man(Old Testament meaning)

A

A title that could refer to either just a human being, or a human who is given power by God

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13
Q

Occasions when Jesus refers to himself as the Son of the Man/we see he’s the Son of Man

A

When he’s asked directly if he’s “the Son of the Blessed One” he replied “I am;and you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of the Power,”(Mark 14:61-62)
Jesus calls himself this when referring to his future suffering
Jesus tries to emphasise his humanity here.

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14
Q

Occasions when Jesus refers to himself as the Son of God/Jesus is referred to as the Son of God

A

When he was asked directly if he was the Son of God, he replied “I
am”(Mark 14:61-62)
An angel visits Joseph in Matthew 1:18-24 and tells him to marry Mary, since her child is conceived by the Holy Spirit(Jesus), but the angel calls Jesus the name Emmanuel(“which means God is with us”), confirming Jesus is the Son of God
God is eternal, so Jesus couldn’t become God after his death. The resurrection proved Jesus always was God, but in his life on Earth he limited himself to human condition.

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15
Q

Son of Man(Jesus title)

A

Emphasises that Jesus is fully human

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16
Q

Son of God(Jesus title)

A

Showed he was also fully God, but during his life on Earth he was limited to human condition

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17
Q

Ichtus

A

A symbol of a fish that translates as Jesus Chrust, Son of God, saviour and Christians declared their faith using this symbol. At a time Christians could be persecuted for their faith, they could quickly draw and erase the fish symbol to show they were Christians.

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18
Q

Alpha and Omega

A

A symbol made from the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet which show God and Jesus as eternal - the beginning and end of all things

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19
Q

Chi-Rho

A

A symbol reminiscent of the death of Jesus and how he’s the Messiah, the anointed one of Tod sent to save the world through his death:made up of the first two letters of his name in Greek

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20
Q

How + why the Ichtus represents Jesus

A

It’s an acronym, where each of the letters represent one word of a Greek saying about Jesus:
I is the first letter of the Greek word Iesous, which means Jesus.
Ch is the first letter of Christos, which means Christ.
Th is the first letter of Theou, which means God.
U is the first letter of (H)uios, which means Son
S is the first letter of Soter, which means Saviour

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21
Q

How and why the Alpha and Omega represent Jesus

A

Alpha(A) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, while Omega is represented by the last letter of the Greek Alphabet. The use of these two letters shows God and Jesus are involved in everything from beginning to end. They are used in many places in churches, vestments, Christian art and on the Paschal Candle.

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22
Q

How and why the Chi-Rho represent Jesus

A

It’s formed from the first two letters of the Greek word for Christ(the letter chi = X and the letter rho = P) so reminds Christians of the death of Jesus. Christians wear Chi-Rho as an alternative to the cross or crucifix.

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23
Q

Reasons against religious art(statues + symbols)

A

You can’t show the infinite(like God) with limited means like art and sculptures - can’t portray God/Jesus accurately.
Jews and Christian groups like Baptists and Methodists believe the second commandment forbids people to make any form of statue or artistic representation of God.
Statues and images give young people wrong ideas about God - misleads people on what he’s like
Some religions like Judaism and Islam claim it is an offence
to show God in any form.
Praying in front of an image/statue misleads people as people get the impression the image/statue is being worshipped as a God.

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24
Q

Reasons for religious art(statues + symbols)

A

It’s acceptable to reflect God in this way as God himself has taken on the limitations of human nature in incarnation.
Any representation of Jesus that captures human qualities(which we know Jesus) has has value - the Bible teaches Jesus is a man with human qualities.
Artistic representations help people focus on spiritual ideas and aspects of God’s work.
The Catholic Church approves the use of religious art(can inspire people , give people something to focusmon as they pray and has a positive role in religious life).

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25
Q

Crucifix

A

A representation of Jesus on the cross on which he died

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26
Q

Sacred Heart

A

A representation of Jesus that focuses on his burning love for everybody

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27
Q

Christ the Redeemer

A

A statue of God in Rio de Janiero that focuses on the continuing love of God shown in Jesus for everyone

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28
Q

What a Christ the Redeemer statue shows Christians

A

The outstretched arms are a reminder of the cross on which Jesus accepted death, a symbol of Jesus’s love and obedience to God the Father and how Jesus’s love takes in all people, nobody’s excluded from the love of God shown in Jesus Christ. It challenged the godlessness of society in the 20th century.

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29
Q

What statues and artwork of the Sacred Heart show Christians

A

Sacred Heart Statues reflect the total,self-giving human love Jesus has for all people, seen as flames come from his heart to show the burning love.
Symbols of Jesus’s suffering give final proof of Jesus’s love when he accepted death on the cross to save people(e.g. the crown of thorns, the nail marks and the piercing).
Reminds Catholics of the total love Jesus has for all people.

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30
Q

What a Crucifix shows Christians

A

Shows Jesus’s redemptive death as tin his loving obedience to the will of God, through the pain and suffering Jesus went through as he died, he freed all people from the power of sin and death

31
Q

Sermon on the Mount

A

Jesus’ teachings found in Matthew 5-7, which give Christians a set of rules and values to apply in their lives

32
Q

Teachings of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount

A

Jesus transformed the law given to Moses in the Old Testament by showing if people have the right attitude towards God, themselves and their fellow human beings, they will do the right thing and please God.
People should not just avoid committing adultery, even looking at a person lustfully is wrong.
People should not just avoid committing murder, they shouldn’t even get angry with someone.

33
Q

Beatitudes

A

A list of eight kinds of people who are blessed(made holy) in God’s
eyes. Christians believe Jesus fulfilled the law(followed but also developed it to make it more perfect).

34
Q

Beatitudes - specific meaning and quotes

A

Jesus blesses certain attitudes and claims how they’ll be rewarded in Matthew 5:1-12
Blessed are:
1)The poor in spirit, “for theirs is the kingdom of heaven”
2)Those who mourn “for they will be comforted”
3)The meek(not arrogant) “for they will inherit the Earth”
4) Those who hunger to do God’s will “for they will be filled”
5)The merciful(compassion, love and forgiveness) “for they will receive mercy”
6)The pure in heart(unselfish) “for they will see God”
7)The peacemakers(try to solve conflict)”for they will be called children of God”
8)Those who are persecuted for a right cause “for theirs is the kingdom of heaven”

35
Q

What the Parable of the Sheep and Goats says and its implication

A

In this parable, Jesus tells his followers they must care for people who are in need. Anyone who cares for those in need will be rewarded and go to heaven, judged favourably by God, but anyone who claims they’re following him, but ignores the needs of other people, will be damned.
Jesus claims in serving and caring for others, you’re serving God.
“I was hungry and you gave me food,”- Matthew 25:35-36

36
Q

St Irenaeus teachings about Jesus

A

St Irenaeus Adversus haereses 4:20:7-“Life in man is the glory of God”:

Jesus shows human qualities in their purest state - perfect human being showing God’s wishes and qualities.
It is through the Word(Jesus) that humans receive God’s free gift:his grace.
The Son(Jesus) was with the Father(God) from the beginning
By following Jesus’s teachings, people become more fully alive, to share in God’s glory.

37
Q

Two documents issued by the Magisterium that show Jesus isboth fully God and fully human

A

Dei Verbum 4
Verbum Domini 12
The Church claim beliefs that suggest Jesus is not fully human and fully God are heresies.

38
Q

Magisterium

A

The teaching authority of the Catholic Church, exercised by the Pope and bishops

39
Q

Dei Verbum 4 teachings

A

Jesus is sent as a man to be among his people.
God speaks through Jesus, who brings salvation(freedom from sin, and from the eternal separation from God brought about by sin) to all people, possible as Jesus is the Son of God.

40
Q

An example of an apostolic exhortation

A

An apostolic exhortation is a letter/document from the Pope encouraging Catholics in their religion. An example is Verbum Domini 12.

41
Q

Verbum Domini 12 teachings

A

Written by Pope Benedict XVI:
The incarnation meant the Word of God limited himself so humans could make sense of God’s love.
It was through the very human act of dying Jesus gave himself into God’s hands, leading to the
resurrection and glorification as the Word of God.

42
Q

Sacrament

A

A rite/ritual through which the believer receives a special gift of grace, are seen as outward signs of inward grace for Catholics,
Anglicans and many Protestants. Catholics view the whole of reality as a sacrament - a sign of God’s grace. The incarnation means people understand God’s love and see him as a living presence in the world, leading to its sacramental nature.

43
Q

How and why the sacraments show grace

A

Each sacrament is a time where a person receives this gift of God in a more complete manner. Each sacrament not only symnolises the giving of grace, but through the process of the sacrament, grace is actually given to the believr

44
Q

What is baptism

A

The pouring of water symbolising the cleansing of sins where a person becomes a child of God

45
Q

Words in baptism

A

“I baptise you in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit”

46
Q

Confirmation

A

The anointing of the forehead with chrism(holy oil) in order to receive the gifts of the Holy Spirit, this power and faith is renewed in the person’s life

47
Q

Confirmation quote

A

“Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit”

48
Q

Eucharist

A

The receiving of the consecrated Bread and Wine, the Body and Blood of Christ, receiving the fullness and life of Christ. The believer continues growing in God’s love.

49
Q

Words associated with the Eucharist

A

“This is my body. This is my blood.”

50
Q

Marriage

A

The consent where a couple accept the love for each other is the love of God active in their lives

51
Q

Marriage words

A

“Will you,(full name), take (full name) here present as your lawful wedded husband/wife,”

52
Q

Ordination

A

The laying of hands and anointing of heads with the chrism, where the priest commits himself to God and the Church and given the power to consecrate at Mass, preach and forgive sins

53
Q

Ordination words

A

“Almighty Father, grant to this servant of yours the dignity of the priesthood.”

54
Q

Reconciliation

A

The laying on of hands in order to pass on God’s power of forgiveness

55
Q

Reconciliation words

A

“I absolve you from your sins”

56
Q

Sacrament of the Sick

A

The anointing of the head and hands with the oil of the sick, for the sick to be aware of the strength and love of Christ with them in their time of need

57
Q

Sacrament of the Sick words

A

“May the Lord who frees you from Sin save you and raise you up”

58
Q

How do sacraments strengthen relationships with God?

A

Sacraments sanctify(make holy) the life of a believer, making a person a stronger witness to the presence and love of God

59
Q

Abortion

A

The removal of a foetus from the womb, to end a pregnancy, usually before the foetus is 24-weeks old.

60
Q

Imago dei

A

A Latin term showing God made humans in his image and likeness

61
Q

Impact of Imago Dei on abortion

A

Imago Dei suggests every person has divine qualities that must not be destroyed

62
Q

Catholic views on abortion

A

Catjolics feel it’s their duty to ensure all children are allowed to live fill lives, so nelong to pro-life organisations like SPUC(Society for the Protection of Unborn Children)
Many Catholics also support organisation and individuals caring for women that have decided not to abort their children, but have financial/emotional problems during pregnancy and in the early years after a child is born

63
Q

Conception

A

When the male sperm fertilises the female ovum, seen by Catholics as
the start of life. Luke 1:39-45 supports this belief.

64
Q

Examples of Christian symbols

A

Ichtus(fish)
Alpha and omega
Chi-Rho

65
Q

How Jesus’s Parable of the Sheep and the Goats influences the way Christians respond to people in need

A

It encourages Christians to take action to help those in need and Christians work to help their communities be better places to live as Jesus claims here a life worthy of heaven involves helping those in need and through this they’re serving God. People can live a moral life.
Charities like CAFOD provide emergency short-term and long-term aid locally and globally, working through churches in places with natural disasters.
This means people feed and provide drink to the hungry and thirsty.
People also clothed the naked, welcomed strangers and visited the sick.

66
Q

Differences/similarities between Matthew’s gospel of the Annunciation teachings and Luke’s gospel

A

Matthew focused more on Joseph’s role in Jesus’s birth as women had limited roles in Judaism at the time he wrote, but Luke wrote for non-Jewish christians for whom the value of women was higher so wrote it from Mary’s point of view.
Both gospels cshow Jesus was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit and God worked through humans to enable his plan for humanity to come about.
Both gospels show Jesus as the Son of God.
Both show Mary as a virgin.
The angel Gabriel announced Jesus’s birth

67
Q

Which gospel tells of the visit angel Gabriel to Joseph?

A

Matthew 1:18-24

68
Q

Which gospel tells of the story of the annunciation

A

Luke 1:26-38

69
Q

Examples of free will

A

God gives Mary the choice of whether or not to be Jesus’s mother, Mary gives her consent and agrees to God’s wishes by saying ‘let it be with me according to your word.’

70
Q

Trinity

A

The Catholic Church teaches God is three Persons: the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit

71
Q

First part of the Sermon on the Mount

A

The Beatitudes

72
Q

Two sacred teachings showing Jesus is the incarnate God

A

The Word Of God took on human nature to live on earth as Jesus
When Jesus is asked if he’s the Messiah, he claims “I am”

73
Q

How does Jesus fulfil the Jewish laws?

A

He is the Messiah/future leader God repeatedly promises to Jews in the Bible they will have, when asked if he’s the Messiah he admits “I am”
Gives Jews a deeper understanding of the Old Testament commandments God gave to Jews - claiming the importance of people’s attitudes

RE Creation (21 decks)

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