INCORRECT EXAMPREP

Question 1

What type of epithelium lines the oesophagus?

Answer 1

Stratified squamous non-keratinised

Question 2

Which amino acid is important in the buffering action of proteins at physiological pH values?

Answer 2

Histidine

Question 3

Which tissue forms the most superficial layer of the heart?

Answer 3

Visceral pericardium

Question 4

How is it thought mitochondria originated within animal cells?

Answer 4

Absorption of a bacterial cell

Question 5

What is the abdominal cavity lined by?

Answer 5

Peritoneum

Question 6

What is the function of calcitonin?

Answer 6

Acts to DECREASE osteoclast activity and REDUCE bloods calcium levels

Question 7

Synovial joints may undergo degenerative changes - what can this result in?

Answer 7

Arthritis

Question 8

Increased blood flow causes which symptom in acute inflammation?

Answer 8

Heat

Question 9

What has 9 peripheral triplets but no central microtubule doublet?

Answer 9

Basal bodies

Question 10

What has a 9+2 microtubule arrangement and can be 50 microns long?

Answer 10

Flagella

Question 11

What is the main function of NK cells?

Answer 11

To destroy virus infected cells

Question 12

What response to damage would be associated with a labile cell system?

Answer 12

Renewal of intestinal epithelial cells

Question 13

The stratified squamous keratinised epithelium of thick skin has 5 distinct layers. Which of these layers is held together by desmosomes and undergoes active protein synthesis to make cytokeratin?

Answer 13

Stratum spinosum

Question 14

What type of connective tissue forms the papillary layer of the dermis?

Answer 14

Loose connective tissue

Question 15

Reduced expression of this protein may aid tumour metastases?

Answer 15

Cadherin

Question 16

What protein is found in tight junction?

Answer 16

occludin

Question 17

What protein is found in gap junction?

Answer 17

connexin

Question 18

What protein is involved in adhesion between epithelial cells?

Answer 18

cadherin

Question 19

What cell is a granulocyte that can become a phagocyte in the GI lamina propria?

Answer 19

Basophil

Question 20

What cell is a granulocyte that can become a phagocyte inside pulmonary alveoli?

Answer 20

neutrophil

Question 21

What cells are circulating blood leukocytes that play important roles in the inflammatory response, are essential for the innate response to pathogens?

Answer 21

monocytes

Question 22

Why is DNA synthesis continuous on the leading strand and discontinuous on the lagging strand?

Answer 22

As Dna polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3’ end of the dna chain

Question 23

In comparing two types of cells from the same person, the variation in the proteins expressed by each cell type reflects:

Answer 23

The cell specific expression and repression of specific genes

Question 24

What living organism does NOT have a DNA based genome?

Answer 24

Certain viruses

Question 25

Into which vessel does the renal vein drain?

Answer 25

inferior VC

Question 26

Where are eosinophils produced

Answer 26

lymph nodes

Question 27

In which organelle does LDL dissociate from its endocytosed receptor?

Answer 27

endosome

Question 28

What is the thoracic inlet bounded by?

Answer 28

manubrium first thoracic vertebrae first pair of costal cartilages first pair of ribs

Question 29

The tarsals are examples of which types of bones?

Answer 29

Short (cuboidal)

Question 30

Which enzyme converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandins?

Answer 30

Cyclooxygenase

Question 31

What are the major extracellular anions?

Answer 31

Chloride ions

Question 32

What change in a nerve cell is responsible for rapid depolarisation at the beginning of the action potential?

Answer 32

an increase in sodium permeability

Question 33

What does Na+K+ ATPase generate inside the cell?

Answer 33

A negative electrical potential

Question 34

When is the embryonic period of development complete?

Answer 34

8 weeks after fertilisation

Question 35

What is the equilibrium potential?

Answer 35

The membrane potential that would be required to balance the concentration gradient for the ion

Question 36

What type of channels are targeted by local anaesthetics?

Answer 36

voltage gated sodium channels